diff --git a/sound/oss/aci.c b/sound/oss/aci.c
index 3928c2802cc43bd974d3865631e533cc607636cc..3bfac375dbdb0621adbfc0dfae909e99892a2af7 100644
--- a/sound/oss/aci.c
+++ b/sound/oss/aci.c
@@ -56,7 +56,8 @@
 #include <linux/module.h> 
 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
-#include <asm/semaphore.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 #include "sound_config.h"
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ static int aci_micpreamp=3; /* microphone preamp-level that can't be    *
 			 * checked with ACI versions prior to 0xb0	*/
 
 static int mixer_device;
-static struct semaphore aci_sem;
+static struct mutex aci_mutex;
 
 #ifdef MODULE
 static int reset;
@@ -212,7 +213,7 @@ int aci_rw_cmd(int write1, int write2, int write3)
 	int write[] = {write1, write2, write3};
 	int read = -EINTR, i;
 
-	if (down_interruptible(&aci_sem))
+	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&aci_mutex))
 		goto out;
 
 	for (i=0; i<3; i++) {
@@ -227,7 +228,7 @@ int aci_rw_cmd(int write1, int write2, int write3)
 	}
 	
 	read = aci_rawread();
-out_up:	up(&aci_sem);
+out_up:	mutex_unlock(&aci_mutex);
 out:	return read;
 }
 
@@ -603,7 +604,7 @@ static int __init attach_aci(void)
 	char *boardname;
 	int i, rc = -EBUSY;
 
-	init_MUTEX(&aci_sem);
+	mutex_init(&aci_mutex);
 
 	outb(0xE3, 0xf8f); /* Write MAD16 password */
 	aci_port = (inb(0xf90) & 0x10) ?
diff --git a/sound/oss/ad1889.c b/sound/oss/ad1889.c
index a0d73f34310031b8866a7b6a800924c10ee9495b..54dabf862802ecc1e46285fc3ad6225fb74f4237 100644
--- a/sound/oss/ad1889.c
+++ b/sound/oss/ad1889.c
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include <linux/ac97_codec.h>
 #include <linux/sound.h>
 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 
 #include <asm/delay.h>
 #include <asm/io.h>
@@ -238,7 +239,7 @@ static ad1889_dev_t *ad1889_alloc_dev(struct pci_dev *pci)
 
 	for (i = 0; i < AD_MAX_STATES; i++) {
 		dev->state[i].card = dev;
-		init_MUTEX(&dev->state[i].sem);
+		mutex_init(&dev->state[i].mutex);
 		init_waitqueue_head(&dev->state[i].dmabuf.wait);
 	}
 
@@ -461,7 +462,7 @@ static ssize_t ad1889_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t
 	ssize_t ret = 0;
 	DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current);
 
-	down(&state->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&state->mutex);
 #if 0
 	if (dmabuf->mapped) {
 		ret = -ENXIO;
@@ -546,7 +547,7 @@ static ssize_t ad1889_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t
 err2:
 	remove_wait_queue(&state->dmabuf.wait, &wait);
 err1:
-	up(&state->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&state->mutex);
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/sound/oss/ad1889.h b/sound/oss/ad1889.h
index e04affce1dd15cd5d9f7b82f3dcc08845a06f4e1..861b3213f30bb9ad65227891b145713eef724001 100644
--- a/sound/oss/ad1889.h
+++ b/sound/oss/ad1889.h
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ typedef struct ad1889_state {
 		unsigned int subdivision;
 	} dmabuf;
 
-	struct semaphore sem;
+	struct mutex mutex;
 } ad1889_state_t;
 
 typedef struct ad1889_dev {
diff --git a/sound/oss/ali5455.c b/sound/oss/ali5455.c
index 9c9e6c0410f26d5f25964a50282c8c253ad6ac64..62bb936b1f3d49fca893b9d0b6c3a4d460642c35 100644
--- a/sound/oss/ali5455.c
+++ b/sound/oss/ali5455.c
@@ -64,6 +64,8 @@
 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
 #include <linux/ac97_codec.h>
 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 
 #ifndef PCI_DEVICE_ID_ALI_5455
@@ -234,7 +236,7 @@ struct ali_state {
 	struct ali_card *card;	/* Card info */
 
 	/* single open lock mechanism, only used for recording */
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
 	wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
 
 	/* file mode */
@@ -2807,7 +2809,7 @@ static int ali_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	state->card = card;
 	state->magic = ALI5455_STATE_MAGIC;
 	init_waitqueue_head(&dmabuf->wait);
-	init_MUTEX(&state->open_sem);
+	mutex_init(&state->open_mutex);
 	file->private_data = state;
 	dmabuf->trigger = 0;
 	/* allocate hardware channels */
@@ -3359,7 +3361,7 @@ static void __devinit ali_configure_clocking(void)
 		state->card = card;
 		state->magic = ALI5455_STATE_MAGIC;
 		init_waitqueue_head(&dmabuf->wait);
-		init_MUTEX(&state->open_sem);
+		mutex_init(&state->open_mutex);
 		dmabuf->fmt = ALI5455_FMT_STEREO | ALI5455_FMT_16BIT;
 		dmabuf->trigger = PCM_ENABLE_OUTPUT;
 		ali_set_dac_rate(state, 48000);
diff --git a/sound/oss/au1000.c b/sound/oss/au1000.c
index c407de86cbb6398d1d06242190e180e52df0528c..fe54de25aafc400b2fbb60117b125c79b1385658 100644
--- a/sound/oss/au1000.c
+++ b/sound/oss/au1000.c
@@ -68,6 +68,8 @@
 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
 #include <linux/ac97_codec.h>
 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 #include <asm/mach-au1x00/au1000.h>
@@ -120,8 +122,8 @@ struct au1000_state {
 	int             no_vra;	// do not use VRA
 
 	spinlock_t      lock;
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
-	struct semaphore sem;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
+	struct mutex sem;
 	mode_t          open_mode;
 	wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
 
@@ -1106,7 +1108,7 @@ static ssize_t au1000_read(struct file *file, char *buffer,
 
 	count *= db->cnt_factor;
 
-	down(&s->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->sem);
 	add_wait_queue(&db->wait, &wait);
 
 	while (count > 0) {
@@ -1125,14 +1127,14 @@ static ssize_t au1000_read(struct file *file, char *buffer,
 						ret = -EAGAIN;
 					goto out;
 				}
-				up(&s->sem);
+				mutex_unlock(&s->sem);
 				schedule();
 				if (signal_pending(current)) {
 					if (!ret)
 						ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
 					goto out2;
 				}
-				down(&s->sem);
+				mutex_lock(&s->sem);
 			}
 		} while (avail <= 0);
 
@@ -1159,7 +1161,7 @@ static ssize_t au1000_read(struct file *file, char *buffer,
 	}			// while (count > 0)
 
 out:
-	up(&s->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->sem);
 out2:
 	remove_wait_queue(&db->wait, &wait);
 	set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
@@ -1187,7 +1189,7 @@ static ssize_t au1000_write(struct file *file, const char *buffer,
 
 	count *= db->cnt_factor;
 
-	down(&s->sem);	
+	mutex_lock(&s->sem);
 	add_wait_queue(&db->wait, &wait);
 
 	while (count > 0) {
@@ -1204,14 +1206,14 @@ static ssize_t au1000_write(struct file *file, const char *buffer,
 						ret = -EAGAIN;
 					goto out;
 				}
-				up(&s->sem);
+				mutex_unlock(&s->sem);
 				schedule();
 				if (signal_pending(current)) {
 					if (!ret)
 						ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
 					goto out2;
 				}
-				down(&s->sem);
+				mutex_lock(&s->sem);
 			}
 		} while (avail <= 0);
 
@@ -1240,7 +1242,7 @@ static ssize_t au1000_write(struct file *file, const char *buffer,
 	}			// while (count > 0)
 
 out:
-	up(&s->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->sem);
 out2:
 	remove_wait_queue(&db->wait, &wait);
 	set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
@@ -1298,7 +1300,7 @@ static int au1000_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	dbg("%s", __FUNCTION__);
     
 	lock_kernel();
-	down(&s->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->sem);
 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE)
 		db = &s->dma_dac;
 	else if (vma->vm_flags & VM_READ)
@@ -1324,7 +1326,7 @@ static int au1000_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	vma->vm_flags &= ~VM_IO;
 	db->mapped = 1;
 out:
-	up(&s->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->sem);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -1829,21 +1831,21 @@ static int  au1000_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	
 	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & file->f_mode) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 
 	stop_dac(s);
@@ -1879,8 +1881,8 @@ static int  au1000_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 
 	s->open_mode |= file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
-	init_MUTEX(&s->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
+	mutex_init(&s->sem);
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
 
@@ -1896,7 +1898,7 @@ static int au1000_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		lock_kernel();
 	}
 
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
 		stop_dac(s);
 		dealloc_dmabuf(s, &s->dma_dac);
@@ -1906,7 +1908,7 @@ static int au1000_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		dealloc_dmabuf(s, &s->dma_adc);
 	}
 	s->open_mode &= ((~file->f_mode) & (FMODE_READ|FMODE_WRITE));
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
@@ -1996,7 +1998,7 @@ static int __devinit au1000_probe(void)
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->dma_adc.wait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->dma_dac.wait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->open_wait);
-	init_MUTEX(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_init(&s->open_mutex);
 	spin_lock_init(&s->lock);
 	s->codec.private_data = s;
 	s->codec.id = 0;
diff --git a/sound/oss/au1550_ac97.c b/sound/oss/au1550_ac97.c
index bdee0502f3e232e32cc2e70c90349ae2ae21e8e8..6a4956b8025df671e4ce94ebbec9ad533f8bc834 100644
--- a/sound/oss/au1550_ac97.c
+++ b/sound/oss/au1550_ac97.c
@@ -52,6 +52,8 @@
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
 #include <linux/ac97_codec.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 #include <asm/hardirq.h>
@@ -90,8 +92,8 @@ static struct au1550_state {
 	int             no_vra;		/* do not use VRA */
 
 	spinlock_t      lock;
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
-	struct semaphore sem;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
+	struct mutex sem;
 	mode_t          open_mode;
 	wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
 
@@ -1044,7 +1046,7 @@ au1550_read(struct file *file, char *buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
 
 	count *= db->cnt_factor;
 
-	down(&s->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->sem);
 	add_wait_queue(&db->wait, &wait);
 
 	while (count > 0) {
@@ -1064,14 +1066,14 @@ au1550_read(struct file *file, char *buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
 						ret = -EAGAIN;
 					goto out;
 				}
-				up(&s->sem);
+				mutex_unlock(&s->sem);
 				schedule();
 				if (signal_pending(current)) {
 					if (!ret)
 						ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
 					goto out2;
 				}
-				down(&s->sem);
+				mutex_lock(&s->sem);
 			}
 		} while (avail <= 0);
 
@@ -1099,7 +1101,7 @@ au1550_read(struct file *file, char *buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
 	}			/* while (count > 0) */
 
 out:
-	up(&s->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->sem);
 out2:
 	remove_wait_queue(&db->wait, &wait);
 	set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
@@ -1125,7 +1127,7 @@ au1550_write(struct file *file, const char *buffer, size_t count, loff_t * ppos)
 
 	count *= db->cnt_factor;
 
-	down(&s->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->sem);
 	add_wait_queue(&db->wait, &wait);
 
 	while (count > 0) {
@@ -1143,14 +1145,14 @@ au1550_write(struct file *file, const char *buffer, size_t count, loff_t * ppos)
 						ret = -EAGAIN;
 					goto out;
 				}
-				up(&s->sem);
+				mutex_unlock(&s->sem);
 				schedule();
 				if (signal_pending(current)) {
 					if (!ret)
 						ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
 					goto out2;
 				}
-				down(&s->sem);
+				mutex_lock(&s->sem);
 			}
 		} while (avail <= 0);
 
@@ -1196,7 +1198,7 @@ au1550_write(struct file *file, const char *buffer, size_t count, loff_t * ppos)
 	}			/* while (count > 0) */
 
 out:
-	up(&s->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->sem);
 out2:
 	remove_wait_queue(&db->wait, &wait);
 	set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
@@ -1253,7 +1255,7 @@ au1550_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	int ret = 0;
 
 	lock_kernel();
-	down(&s->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->sem);
 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE)
 		db = &s->dma_dac;
 	else if (vma->vm_flags & VM_READ)
@@ -1279,7 +1281,7 @@ au1550_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	vma->vm_flags &= ~VM_IO;
 	db->mapped = 1;
 out:
-	up(&s->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->sem);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -1790,21 +1792,21 @@ au1550_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 
 	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & file->f_mode) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 
 	stop_dac(s);
@@ -1840,8 +1842,8 @@ au1550_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 
 	s->open_mode |= file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
-	init_MUTEX(&s->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
+	mutex_init(&s->sem);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1858,7 +1860,7 @@ au1550_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		lock_kernel();
 	}
 
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
 		stop_dac(s);
 		kfree(s->dma_dac.rawbuf);
@@ -1870,7 +1872,7 @@ au1550_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		s->dma_adc.rawbuf = NULL;
 	}
 	s->open_mode &= ((~file->f_mode) & (FMODE_READ|FMODE_WRITE));
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
@@ -1902,7 +1904,7 @@ au1550_probe(void)
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->dma_adc.wait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->dma_dac.wait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->open_wait);
-	init_MUTEX(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_init(&s->open_mutex);
 	spin_lock_init(&s->lock);
 
 	s->codec = ac97_alloc_codec();
diff --git a/sound/oss/btaudio.c b/sound/oss/btaudio.c
index 4007a5680acb9807fcb5a5f012440b9eec288b7c..bfe3b534ef30277a1bd9faed9dbf691c11e7fc7a 100644
--- a/sound/oss/btaudio.c
+++ b/sound/oss/btaudio.c
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@
 #include <linux/soundcard.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 #include <asm/io.h>
 
@@ -108,7 +110,7 @@ struct btaudio {
 
 	/* locking */
 	int            users;
-	struct semaphore lock;
+	struct mutex lock;
 
 	/* risc instructions */
 	unsigned int   risc_size;
@@ -440,7 +442,7 @@ static struct file_operations btaudio_mixer_fops = {
 static int btaudio_dsp_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
 			    struct btaudio *bta, int analog)
 {
-	down(&bta->lock);
+	mutex_lock(&bta->lock);
 	if (bta->users)
 		goto busy;
 	bta->users++;
@@ -452,11 +454,11 @@ static int btaudio_dsp_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
 	bta->read_count = 0;
 	bta->sampleshift = 0;
 
-	up(&bta->lock);
+	mutex_unlock(&bta->lock);
 	return 0;
 
  busy:
-	up(&bta->lock);
+	mutex_unlock(&bta->lock);
 	return -EBUSY;
 }
 
@@ -496,11 +498,11 @@ static int btaudio_dsp_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 {
 	struct btaudio *bta = file->private_data;
 
-	down(&bta->lock);
+	mutex_lock(&bta->lock);
 	if (bta->recording)
 		stop_recording(bta);
 	bta->users--;
-	up(&bta->lock);
+	mutex_unlock(&bta->lock);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -513,7 +515,7 @@ static ssize_t btaudio_dsp_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer,
 	DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current);
 
 	add_wait_queue(&bta->readq, &wait);
-	down(&bta->lock);
+	mutex_lock(&bta->lock);
 	while (swcount > 0) {
 		if (0 == bta->read_count) {
 			if (!bta->recording) {
@@ -528,10 +530,10 @@ static ssize_t btaudio_dsp_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer,
 					ret = -EAGAIN;
 				break;
 			}
-			up(&bta->lock);
+			mutex_unlock(&bta->lock);
 			current->state = TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE;
 			schedule();
-			down(&bta->lock);
+			mutex_lock(&bta->lock);
 			if(signal_pending(current)) {
 				if (0 == ret)
 					ret = -EINTR;
@@ -604,7 +606,7 @@ static ssize_t btaudio_dsp_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer,
 		if (bta->read_offset == bta->buf_size)
 			bta->read_offset = 0;
 	}
-	up(&bta->lock);
+	mutex_unlock(&bta->lock);
 	remove_wait_queue(&bta->readq, &wait);
 	current->state = TASK_RUNNING;
 	return ret;
@@ -651,10 +653,10 @@ static int btaudio_dsp_ioctl(struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
 			bta->decimation  = 0;
 		}
 		if (bta->recording) {
-			down(&bta->lock);
+			mutex_lock(&bta->lock);
 			stop_recording(bta);
 			start_recording(bta);
-			up(&bta->lock);
+			mutex_unlock(&bta->lock);
 		}
 		/* fall through */
         case SOUND_PCM_READ_RATE:
@@ -716,10 +718,10 @@ static int btaudio_dsp_ioctl(struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
 			else
 				bta->bits = 16;
 			if (bta->recording) {
-				down(&bta->lock);
+				mutex_lock(&bta->lock);
 				stop_recording(bta);
 				start_recording(bta);
-				up(&bta->lock);
+				mutex_unlock(&bta->lock);
 			}
 		}
 		if (debug)
@@ -736,9 +738,9 @@ static int btaudio_dsp_ioctl(struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
 
         case SNDCTL_DSP_RESET:
 		if (bta->recording) {
-			down(&bta->lock);
+			mutex_lock(&bta->lock);
 			stop_recording(bta);
-			up(&bta->lock);
+			mutex_unlock(&bta->lock);
 		}
 		return 0;
         case SNDCTL_DSP_GETBLKSIZE:
@@ -941,7 +943,7 @@ static int __devinit btaudio_probe(struct pci_dev *pci_dev,
 	if (rate)
 		bta->rate = rate;
 	
-	init_MUTEX(&bta->lock);
+	mutex_init(&bta->lock);
         init_waitqueue_head(&bta->readq);
 
 	if (-1 != latency) {
diff --git a/sound/oss/cmpci.c b/sound/oss/cmpci.c
index 7cfbb08db5371df5073c35e8bc3b5f01e6c32e14..1fbd5137f6d74643697184304e9c99631c99df46 100644
--- a/sound/oss/cmpci.c
+++ b/sound/oss/cmpci.c
@@ -138,6 +138,8 @@
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_SOUND_CMPCI_JOYSTICK
 #include <linux/gameport.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 #endif
 
 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@@ -392,7 +394,7 @@ struct cm_state {
 	unsigned char fmt, enable;
 
 	spinlock_t lock;
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
 	mode_t open_mode;
 	wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
 
@@ -2825,21 +2827,21 @@ static int cm_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
        	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & file->f_mode) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ) {
 		s->status &= ~DO_BIGENDIAN_R;
@@ -2867,7 +2869,7 @@ static int cm_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 	set_fmt(s, fmtm, fmts);
 	s->open_mode |= file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
 
@@ -2879,7 +2881,7 @@ static int cm_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	lock_kernel();
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
 		drain_dac(s, file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
 		stop_dac(s);
 
@@ -2903,7 +2905,7 @@ static int cm_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		s->status &= ~DO_BIGENDIAN_R;
 	}
 	s->open_mode &= ~(file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ|FMODE_WRITE));
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
@@ -3080,7 +3082,7 @@ static int __devinit cm_probe(struct pci_dev *pcidev, const struct pci_device_id
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->dma_adc.wait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->dma_dac.wait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->open_wait);
-	init_MUTEX(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_init(&s->open_mutex);
 	spin_lock_init(&s->lock);
 	s->magic = CM_MAGIC;
 	s->dev = pcidev;
diff --git a/sound/oss/cs46xx.c b/sound/oss/cs46xx.c
index 58e25c82eaf29f9db180e8b702d25e1a94b2a437..53881bc91bba9c0aef2c02ffde9e6325e9e78824 100644
--- a/sound/oss/cs46xx.c
+++ b/sound/oss/cs46xx.c
@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/poll.h>
 #include <linux/ac97_codec.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/dma.h>
@@ -238,7 +239,7 @@ struct cs_state {
 	struct cs_card *card;	/* Card info */
 
 	/* single open lock mechanism, only used for recording */
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
 	wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
 
 	/* file mode */
@@ -297,7 +298,7 @@ struct cs_state {
 		unsigned subdivision;
 	} dmabuf;
 	/* Guard against mmap/write/read races */
-	struct semaphore sem;
+	struct mutex sem;
 };
 
 struct cs_card {
@@ -375,7 +376,7 @@ struct cs_card {
 		unsigned char ibuf[CS_MIDIINBUF];
 		unsigned char obuf[CS_MIDIOUTBUF];
 		mode_t open_mode;
-		struct semaphore open_sem;
+		struct mutex open_mutex;
 	} midi;
 	struct cs46xx_pm pm;
 };
@@ -1428,9 +1429,9 @@ static int prog_dmabuf(struct cs_state *state)
 {
 	int ret;
 	
-	down(&state->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&state->sem);
 	ret = __prog_dmabuf(state);
-	up(&state->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&state->sem);
 	
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -1831,17 +1832,17 @@ static int cs_midi_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 
         file->private_data = card;
         /* wait for device to become free */
-        down(&card->midi.open_sem);
+        mutex_lock(&card->midi.open_mutex);
         while (card->midi.open_mode & file->f_mode) {
                 if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-                        up(&card->midi.open_sem);
+                        mutex_unlock(&card->midi.open_mutex);
                         return -EBUSY;
                 }
-                up(&card->midi.open_sem);
+                mutex_unlock(&card->midi.open_mutex);
                 interruptible_sleep_on(&card->midi.open_wait);
                 if (signal_pending(current))
                         return -ERESTARTSYS;
-                down(&card->midi.open_sem);
+                mutex_lock(&card->midi.open_mutex);
         }
         spin_lock_irqsave(&card->midi.lock, flags);
         if (!(card->midi.open_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE))) {
@@ -1859,7 +1860,7 @@ static int cs_midi_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
         }
         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&card->midi.lock, flags);
         card->midi.open_mode |= (file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE));
-        up(&card->midi.open_sem);
+        mutex_unlock(&card->midi.open_mutex);
         return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1891,9 +1892,9 @@ static int cs_midi_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
                 remove_wait_queue(&card->midi.owait, &wait);
                 current->state = TASK_RUNNING;
         }
-        down(&card->midi.open_sem);
+        mutex_lock(&card->midi.open_mutex);
         card->midi.open_mode &= (~(file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE)));
-        up(&card->midi.open_sem);
+        mutex_unlock(&card->midi.open_mutex);
         wake_up(&card->midi.open_wait);
         return 0;
 }
@@ -2081,7 +2082,7 @@ static ssize_t cs_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, size_t count, lof
 	if (!access_ok(VERIFY_WRITE, buffer, count))
 		return -EFAULT;
 	
-	down(&state->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&state->sem);
 	if (!dmabuf->ready && (ret = __prog_dmabuf(state)))
 		goto out2;
 
@@ -2114,13 +2115,13 @@ static ssize_t cs_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, size_t count, lof
 				if (!ret) ret = -EAGAIN;
 				goto out;
  			}
-			up(&state->sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&state->sem);
 			schedule();
 			if (signal_pending(current)) {
 				if(!ret) ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
 				goto out;
 			}
-			down(&state->sem);
+			mutex_lock(&state->sem);
 			if (dmabuf->mapped) 
 			{
 				if(!ret)
@@ -2155,7 +2156,7 @@ static ssize_t cs_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, size_t count, lof
 out:
 	remove_wait_queue(&state->dmabuf.wait, &wait);
 out2:
-	up(&state->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&state->sem);
 	set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 	CS_DBGOUT(CS_WAVE_READ | CS_FUNCTION, 4, 
 		printk("cs46xx: cs_read()- %zd\n",ret) );
@@ -2184,7 +2185,7 @@ static ssize_t cs_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t cou
 		return -EFAULT;
 	dmabuf = &state->dmabuf;
 
-	down(&state->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&state->sem);
 	if (dmabuf->mapped)
 	{
 		ret = -ENXIO;
@@ -2240,13 +2241,13 @@ static ssize_t cs_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t cou
 				if (!ret) ret = -EAGAIN;
 				goto out;
  			}
-			up(&state->sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&state->sem);
 			schedule();
  			if (signal_pending(current)) {
 				if(!ret) ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
 				goto out;
  			}
-			down(&state->sem);
+			mutex_lock(&state->sem);
 			if (dmabuf->mapped)
 			{
 				if(!ret)
@@ -2278,7 +2279,7 @@ static ssize_t cs_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t cou
 		start_dac(state);
 	}
 out:
-	up(&state->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&state->sem);
 	remove_wait_queue(&state->dmabuf.wait, &wait);
 	set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 
@@ -2411,7 +2412,7 @@ static int cs_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 		goto out;
 	}
 
-	down(&state->sem);	
+	mutex_lock(&state->sem);
 	dmabuf = &state->dmabuf;
 	if (cs4x_pgoff(vma) != 0)
 	{
@@ -2438,7 +2439,7 @@ static int cs_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 
 	CS_DBGOUT(CS_FUNCTION, 2, printk("cs46xx: cs_mmap()-\n") );
 out:
-	up(&state->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&state->sem);
 	return ret;	
 }
 
@@ -3200,7 +3201,7 @@ static int cs_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 			if (state == NULL)
 				return -ENOMEM;
 			memset(state, 0, sizeof(struct cs_state));
-			init_MUTEX(&state->sem);
+			mutex_init(&state->sem);
 			dmabuf = &state->dmabuf;
 			dmabuf->pbuf = (void *)get_zeroed_page(GFP_KERNEL | GFP_DMA);
 			if(dmabuf->pbuf==NULL)
@@ -3241,10 +3242,10 @@ static int cs_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		state->virt = 0;
 		state->magic = CS_STATE_MAGIC;
 		init_waitqueue_head(&dmabuf->wait);
-		init_MUTEX(&state->open_sem);
+		mutex_init(&state->open_mutex);
 		file->private_data = card;
 
-		down(&state->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&state->open_mutex);
 
 		/* set default sample format. According to OSS Programmer's Guide  /dev/dsp
 		   should be default to unsigned 8-bits, mono, with sample rate 8kHz and
@@ -3260,7 +3261,7 @@ static int cs_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		cs_set_divisor(dmabuf);
 
 		state->open_mode |= FMODE_READ;
-		up(&state->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&state->open_mutex);
 	}
 	if(file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
 	{
@@ -3271,7 +3272,7 @@ static int cs_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 			if (state == NULL)
 				return -ENOMEM;
 			memset(state, 0, sizeof(struct cs_state));
-			init_MUTEX(&state->sem);
+			mutex_init(&state->sem);
 			dmabuf = &state->dmabuf;
 			dmabuf->pbuf = (void *)get_zeroed_page(GFP_KERNEL | GFP_DMA);
 			if(dmabuf->pbuf==NULL)
@@ -3312,10 +3313,10 @@ static int cs_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		state->virt = 1;
 		state->magic = CS_STATE_MAGIC;
 		init_waitqueue_head(&dmabuf->wait);
-		init_MUTEX(&state->open_sem);
+		mutex_init(&state->open_mutex);
 		file->private_data = card;
 
-		down(&state->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&state->open_mutex);
 
 		/* set default sample format. According to OSS Programmer's Guide  /dev/dsp
 		   should be default to unsigned 8-bits, mono, with sample rate 8kHz and
@@ -3331,7 +3332,7 @@ static int cs_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		cs_set_divisor(dmabuf);
 
 		state->open_mode |= FMODE_WRITE;
-		up(&state->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&state->open_mutex);
 		if((ret = prog_dmabuf(state)))
 			return ret;
 	}
@@ -3363,14 +3364,14 @@ static int cs_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 			cs_clear_tail(state);
 			drain_dac(state, file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
 			/* stop DMA state machine and free DMA buffers/channels */
-			down(&state->open_sem);
+			mutex_lock(&state->open_mutex);
 			stop_dac(state);
 			dealloc_dmabuf(state);
 			state->card->free_pcm_channel(state->card, dmabuf->channel->num);
 			free_page((unsigned long)state->dmabuf.pbuf);
 
-			/* we're covered by the open_sem */
-			up(&state->open_sem);
+			/* we're covered by the open_mutex */
+			mutex_unlock(&state->open_mutex);
 			state->card->states[state->virt] = NULL;
 			state->open_mode &= (~file->f_mode) & (FMODE_READ|FMODE_WRITE);
 
@@ -3395,14 +3396,14 @@ static int cs_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		{
 			CS_DBGOUT(CS_RELEASE, 2, printk("cs46xx: cs_release() FMODE_READ\n") );
 			dmabuf = &state->dmabuf;
-			down(&state->open_sem);
+			mutex_lock(&state->open_mutex);
 			stop_adc(state);
 			dealloc_dmabuf(state);
 			state->card->free_pcm_channel(state->card, dmabuf->channel->num);
 			free_page((unsigned long)state->dmabuf.pbuf);
 
-			/* we're covered by the open_sem */
-			up(&state->open_sem);
+			/* we're covered by the open_mutex */
+			mutex_unlock(&state->open_mutex);
 			state->card->states[state->virt] = NULL;
 			state->open_mode &= (~file->f_mode) & (FMODE_READ|FMODE_WRITE);
 
@@ -5507,7 +5508,7 @@ static int __devinit cs46xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci_dev,
 	}
 
         init_waitqueue_head(&card->midi.open_wait);
-        init_MUTEX(&card->midi.open_sem);
+        mutex_init(&card->midi.open_mutex);
         init_waitqueue_head(&card->midi.iwait);
         init_waitqueue_head(&card->midi.owait);
         cs461x_pokeBA0(card, BA0_MIDCR, MIDCR_MRST);   
diff --git a/sound/oss/es1370.c b/sound/oss/es1370.c
index ae55c536613a004995e561e9c5baa380d84e09eb..094f569cc6e07cb545b68e29bc2f4bfa37a06af5 100644
--- a/sound/oss/es1370.c
+++ b/sound/oss/es1370.c
@@ -157,6 +157,7 @@
 #include <linux/gameport.h>
 #include <linux/wait.h>
 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/page.h>
@@ -346,7 +347,7 @@ struct es1370_state {
 	unsigned sctrl;
 
 	spinlock_t lock;
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
 	mode_t open_mode;
 	wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
 
@@ -393,7 +394,7 @@ struct es1370_state {
 	struct gameport *gameport;
 #endif
 
-	struct semaphore sem;
+	struct mutex mutex;
 };
 
 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@@ -1159,7 +1160,7 @@ static ssize_t es1370_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, size_t count,
 		return -ENXIO;
 	if (!access_ok(VERIFY_WRITE, buffer, count))
 		return -EFAULT;
-	down(&s->sem);	
+	mutex_lock(&s->mutex);
 	if (!s->dma_adc.ready && (ret = prog_dmabuf_adc(s)))
 		goto out;
         
@@ -1183,14 +1184,14 @@ static ssize_t es1370_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, size_t count,
 					ret = -EAGAIN;
 				goto out;
 			}
-			up(&s->sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->mutex);
 			schedule();
 			if (signal_pending(current)) {
 				if (!ret)
 					ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
 				goto out;
 			}
-			down(&s->sem);
+			mutex_lock(&s->mutex);
 			if (s->dma_adc.mapped)
 			{
 				ret = -ENXIO;
@@ -1215,7 +1216,7 @@ static ssize_t es1370_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, size_t count,
 			start_adc(s);
 	}
 out:
-	up(&s->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->mutex);
         remove_wait_queue(&s->dma_adc.wait, &wait);
 	set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 	return ret;
@@ -1235,7 +1236,7 @@ static ssize_t es1370_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t
 		return -ENXIO;
 	if (!access_ok(VERIFY_READ, buffer, count))
 		return -EFAULT;
-	down(&s->sem);	
+	mutex_lock(&s->mutex);
 	if (!s->dma_dac2.ready && (ret = prog_dmabuf_dac2(s)))
 		goto out;
 	ret = 0;
@@ -1263,14 +1264,14 @@ static ssize_t es1370_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t
 					ret = -EAGAIN;
 				goto out;
 			}
-			up(&s->sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->mutex);
 			schedule();
 			if (signal_pending(current)) {
 				if (!ret)
 					ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
 				goto out;	
 			}
-			down(&s->sem);
+			mutex_lock(&s->mutex);
 			if (s->dma_dac2.mapped)
 			{
 			ret = -ENXIO;
@@ -1296,7 +1297,7 @@ static ssize_t es1370_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t
 			start_dac2(s);
 	}
 out:
-	up(&s->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->mutex);
         remove_wait_queue(&s->dma_dac2.wait, &wait);
 	set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 	return ret;
@@ -1348,7 +1349,7 @@ static int es1370_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 
 	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	lock_kernel();
-	down(&s->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->mutex);
 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE) {
 		if ((ret = prog_dmabuf_dac2(s)) != 0) {
 			goto out;
@@ -1380,7 +1381,7 @@ static int es1370_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	}
 	db->mapped = 1;
 out:
-	up(&s->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->mutex);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -1752,21 +1753,21 @@ static int es1370_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
        	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & file->f_mode) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
 	if (!(s->open_mode & (FMODE_READ|FMODE_WRITE)))
@@ -1793,8 +1794,8 @@ static int es1370_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	outl(s->ctrl, s->io+ES1370_REG_CONTROL);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 	s->open_mode |= file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
-	init_MUTEX(&s->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
+	mutex_init(&s->mutex);
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
 
@@ -1806,7 +1807,7 @@ static int es1370_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	lock_kernel();
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
 		drain_dac2(s, file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
 		stop_dac2(s);
 		synchronize_irq(s->irq);
@@ -1818,7 +1819,7 @@ static int es1370_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 	s->open_mode &= ~(file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ|FMODE_WRITE));
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2198,21 +2199,21 @@ static int es1370_open_dac(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		return -EINVAL;
        	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & FMODE_DAC) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 	s->dma_dac1.ossfragshift = s->dma_dac1.ossmaxfrags = s->dma_dac1.subdivision = 0;
 	s->dma_dac1.enabled = 1;
@@ -2227,7 +2228,7 @@ static int es1370_open_dac(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	outl(s->ctrl, s->io+ES1370_REG_CONTROL);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 	s->open_mode |= FMODE_DAC;
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
 
@@ -2238,12 +2239,12 @@ static int es1370_release_dac(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	lock_kernel();
 	drain_dac1(s, file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	stop_dac1(s);
 	dealloc_dmabuf(s, &s->dma_dac1);
 	s->open_mode &= ~FMODE_DAC;
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2430,21 +2431,21 @@ static int es1370_midi_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
        	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & (file->f_mode << FMODE_MIDI_SHIFT)) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
 	if (!(s->open_mode & (FMODE_MIDI_READ | FMODE_MIDI_WRITE))) {
@@ -2465,7 +2466,7 @@ static int es1370_midi_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	es1370_handle_midi(s);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 	s->open_mode |= (file->f_mode << FMODE_MIDI_SHIFT) & (FMODE_MIDI_READ | FMODE_MIDI_WRITE);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
 
@@ -2499,7 +2500,7 @@ static int es1370_midi_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->midi.owait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 	}
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	s->open_mode &= ~((file->f_mode << FMODE_MIDI_SHIFT) & (FMODE_MIDI_READ|FMODE_MIDI_WRITE));
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
 	if (!(s->open_mode & (FMODE_MIDI_READ | FMODE_MIDI_WRITE))) {
@@ -2508,7 +2509,7 @@ static int es1370_midi_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2638,7 +2639,7 @@ static int __devinit es1370_probe(struct pci_dev *pcidev, const struct pci_devic
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->open_wait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->midi.iwait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->midi.owait);
-	init_MUTEX(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_init(&s->open_mutex);
 	spin_lock_init(&s->lock);
 	s->magic = ES1370_MAGIC;
 	s->dev = pcidev;
diff --git a/sound/oss/es1371.c b/sound/oss/es1371.c
index 5c697f162579db1f5465c8c78d0983658dbe11a7..4400c85386862a8f101f9c0742d89a5d0e99fe91 100644
--- a/sound/oss/es1371.c
+++ b/sound/oss/es1371.c
@@ -129,6 +129,7 @@
 #include <linux/gameport.h>
 #include <linux/wait.h>
 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/page.h>
@@ -419,7 +420,7 @@ struct es1371_state {
 	unsigned dac1rate, dac2rate, adcrate;
 
 	spinlock_t lock;
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
 	mode_t open_mode;
 	wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
 
@@ -462,7 +463,7 @@ struct es1371_state {
 	struct gameport *gameport;
 #endif
 
-	struct semaphore sem;
+	struct mutex sem;
 };
 
 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@@ -1346,7 +1347,7 @@ static ssize_t es1371_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, size_t count,
 		return -ENXIO;
 	if (!access_ok(VERIFY_WRITE, buffer, count))
 		return -EFAULT;
-	down(&s->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->sem);
 	if (!s->dma_adc.ready && (ret = prog_dmabuf_adc(s)))
 		goto out2;
 	
@@ -1370,14 +1371,14 @@ static ssize_t es1371_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, size_t count,
 					ret = -EAGAIN;
 				goto out;
 			}
-			up(&s->sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->sem);
 			schedule();
 			if (signal_pending(current)) {
 				if (!ret)
 					ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
 				goto out2;
 			}
-			down(&s->sem);
+			mutex_lock(&s->sem);
 			if (s->dma_adc.mapped)
 			{
 				ret = -ENXIO;
@@ -1402,7 +1403,7 @@ static ssize_t es1371_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, size_t count,
 			start_adc(s);
 	}
 out:
-	up(&s->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->sem);
 out2:
 	remove_wait_queue(&s->dma_adc.wait, &wait);
 	set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
@@ -1423,7 +1424,7 @@ static ssize_t es1371_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t
 		return -ENXIO;
 	if (!access_ok(VERIFY_READ, buffer, count))
 		return -EFAULT;
-	down(&s->sem);	
+	mutex_lock(&s->sem);
 	if (!s->dma_dac2.ready && (ret = prog_dmabuf_dac2(s)))
 		goto out3;
 	ret = 0;
@@ -1451,14 +1452,14 @@ static ssize_t es1371_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t
 					ret = -EAGAIN;
 				goto out;
 			}	
-			up(&s->sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->sem);
 			schedule();
 			if (signal_pending(current)) {
 				if (!ret)
 					ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
 				goto out2;
 			}
-			down(&s->sem);
+			mutex_lock(&s->sem);
 			if (s->dma_dac2.mapped)
 			{
 				ret = -ENXIO;
@@ -1484,7 +1485,7 @@ static ssize_t es1371_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t
 			start_dac2(s);
 	}
 out:
-	up(&s->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->sem);
 out2:
 	remove_wait_queue(&s->dma_dac2.wait, &wait);
 out3:	
@@ -1538,7 +1539,7 @@ static int es1371_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 
 	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	lock_kernel();
-	down(&s->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->sem);
 	
 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE) {
 		if ((ret = prog_dmabuf_dac2(s)) != 0) {
@@ -1571,7 +1572,7 @@ static int es1371_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	}
 	db->mapped = 1;
 out:
-	up(&s->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->sem);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -1938,21 +1939,21 @@ static int es1371_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
        	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & file->f_mode) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ) {
 		s->dma_adc.ossfragshift = s->dma_adc.ossmaxfrags = s->dma_adc.subdivision = 0;
@@ -1982,8 +1983,8 @@ static int es1371_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	outl(s->sctrl, s->io+ES1371_REG_SERIAL_CONTROL);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 	s->open_mode |= file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
-	init_MUTEX(&s->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
+	mutex_init(&s->sem);
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
 
@@ -1995,7 +1996,7 @@ static int es1371_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	lock_kernel();
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
 		drain_dac2(s, file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
 		stop_dac2(s);
 		dealloc_dmabuf(s, &s->dma_dac2);
@@ -2005,7 +2006,7 @@ static int es1371_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		dealloc_dmabuf(s, &s->dma_adc);
 	}
 	s->open_mode &= ~(file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ|FMODE_WRITE));
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
@@ -2377,21 +2378,21 @@ static int es1371_open_dac(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		return -EINVAL;
        	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & FMODE_DAC) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 	s->dma_dac1.ossfragshift = s->dma_dac1.ossmaxfrags = s->dma_dac1.subdivision = 0;
 	s->dma_dac1.enabled = 1;
@@ -2405,7 +2406,7 @@ static int es1371_open_dac(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	outl(s->sctrl, s->io+ES1371_REG_SERIAL_CONTROL);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 	s->open_mode |= FMODE_DAC;
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
 
@@ -2416,11 +2417,11 @@ static int es1371_release_dac(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	lock_kernel();
 	drain_dac1(s, file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	stop_dac1(s);
 	dealloc_dmabuf(s, &s->dma_dac1);
 	s->open_mode &= ~FMODE_DAC;
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
@@ -2608,21 +2609,21 @@ static int es1371_midi_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
        	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & (file->f_mode << FMODE_MIDI_SHIFT)) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
 	if (!(s->open_mode & (FMODE_MIDI_READ | FMODE_MIDI_WRITE))) {
@@ -2643,7 +2644,7 @@ static int es1371_midi_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	es1371_handle_midi(s);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 	s->open_mode |= (file->f_mode << FMODE_MIDI_SHIFT) & (FMODE_MIDI_READ | FMODE_MIDI_WRITE);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
 
@@ -2676,7 +2677,7 @@ static int es1371_midi_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->midi.owait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 	}
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	s->open_mode &= ~((file->f_mode << FMODE_MIDI_SHIFT) & (FMODE_MIDI_READ|FMODE_MIDI_WRITE));
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
 	if (!(s->open_mode & (FMODE_MIDI_READ | FMODE_MIDI_WRITE))) {
@@ -2684,7 +2685,7 @@ static int es1371_midi_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		outl(s->ctrl, s->io+ES1371_REG_CONTROL);
 	}
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
@@ -2884,7 +2885,7 @@ static int __devinit es1371_probe(struct pci_dev *pcidev, const struct pci_devic
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->open_wait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->midi.iwait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->midi.owait);
-	init_MUTEX(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_init(&s->open_mutex);
 	spin_lock_init(&s->lock);
 	s->magic = ES1371_MAGIC;
 	s->dev = pcidev;
diff --git a/sound/oss/esssolo1.c b/sound/oss/esssolo1.c
index 849b59f67ef57ef18da65b5c161e32f629e788a6..78d3e29ce968135d15a7d0bea3fd6fb64a52c4e3 100644
--- a/sound/oss/esssolo1.c
+++ b/sound/oss/esssolo1.c
@@ -105,6 +105,8 @@
 #include <linux/gameport.h>
 #include <linux/wait.h>
 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/page.h>
@@ -191,7 +193,7 @@ struct solo1_state {
 	unsigned ena;
 
 	spinlock_t lock;
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
 	mode_t open_mode;
 	wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
 
@@ -1581,7 +1583,7 @@ static int solo1_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	lock_kernel();
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
 		drain_dac(s, file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
 		stop_dac(s);
 		outb(0, s->iobase+6);  /* disable DMA */
@@ -1595,7 +1597,7 @@ static int solo1_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 	s->open_mode &= ~(FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE);
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1624,21 +1626,21 @@ static int solo1_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
        	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE)) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 	s->fmt = AFMT_U8;
 	s->channels = 1;
@@ -1650,7 +1652,7 @@ static int solo1_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	s->dma_dac.ossfragshift = s->dma_dac.ossmaxfrags = s->dma_dac.subdivision = 0;
 	s->dma_dac.enabled = 1;
 	s->open_mode |= file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	prog_codec(s);
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
@@ -1911,21 +1913,21 @@ static int solo1_midi_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
        	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & (file->f_mode << FMODE_MIDI_SHIFT)) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
 	if (!(s->open_mode & (FMODE_MIDI_READ | FMODE_MIDI_WRITE))) {
@@ -1951,7 +1953,7 @@ static int solo1_midi_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 	s->open_mode |= (file->f_mode << FMODE_MIDI_SHIFT) & (FMODE_MIDI_READ | FMODE_MIDI_WRITE);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
 
@@ -1985,7 +1987,7 @@ static int solo1_midi_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->midi.owait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 	}
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	s->open_mode &= ~((file->f_mode << FMODE_MIDI_SHIFT) & (FMODE_MIDI_READ|FMODE_MIDI_WRITE));
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
 	if (!(s->open_mode & (FMODE_MIDI_READ | FMODE_MIDI_WRITE))) {
@@ -1994,7 +1996,7 @@ static int solo1_midi_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2132,24 +2134,24 @@ static int solo1_dmfm_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
        	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & FMODE_DMFM) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 	if (!request_region(s->sbbase, FMSYNTH_EXTENT, "ESS Solo1")) {
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		printk(KERN_ERR "solo1: FM synth io ports in use, opl3 loaded?\n");
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
@@ -2161,7 +2163,7 @@ static int solo1_dmfm_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	outb(5, s->sbbase+2);
 	outb(1, s->sbbase+3);  /* enable OPL3 */
 	s->open_mode |= FMODE_DMFM;
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
 
@@ -2172,7 +2174,7 @@ static int solo1_dmfm_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 
 	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	lock_kernel();
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	s->open_mode &= ~FMODE_DMFM;
 	for (regb = 0xb0; regb < 0xb9; regb++) {
 		outb(regb, s->sbbase);
@@ -2182,7 +2184,7 @@ static int solo1_dmfm_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 	release_region(s->sbbase, FMSYNTH_EXTENT);
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2362,7 +2364,7 @@ static int __devinit solo1_probe(struct pci_dev *pcidev, const struct pci_device
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->open_wait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->midi.iwait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->midi.owait);
-	init_MUTEX(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_init(&s->open_mutex);
 	spin_lock_init(&s->lock);
 	s->magic = SOLO1_MAGIC;
 	s->dev = pcidev;
diff --git a/sound/oss/forte.c b/sound/oss/forte.c
index 8406bc90c4ff7618e5b85240cf90a15ae2c0f1fc..0294eec8ad9035ee621f516df74d692bab95faff 100644
--- a/sound/oss/forte.c
+++ b/sound/oss/forte.c
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
 
 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 #include <asm/io.h>
@@ -185,7 +186,7 @@ struct forte_chip {
 	unsigned long		iobase;
 	int			irq;
 
-	struct semaphore	open_sem; 	/* Device access */
+	struct mutex		open_mutex; 	/* Device access */
 	spinlock_t		lock;		/* State */
 
 	spinlock_t		ac97_lock;
@@ -1242,13 +1243,13 @@ forte_dsp_open (struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	struct forte_chip *chip = forte; /* FIXME: HACK FROM HELL! */
 
 	if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-		if (down_trylock (&chip->open_sem)) {
+		if (!mutex_trylock(&chip->open_mutex)) {
 			DPRINTK ("%s: returning -EAGAIN\n", __FUNCTION__);
 			return -EAGAIN;
 		}
 	}
 	else {
-		if (down_interruptible (&chip->open_sem)) {
+		if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&chip->open_mutex)) {
 			DPRINTK ("%s: returning -ERESTARTSYS\n", __FUNCTION__);
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
 		}
@@ -1302,7 +1303,7 @@ forte_dsp_release (struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		spin_unlock_irq (&chip->lock);
 	}
 
-	up (&chip->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&chip->open_mutex);
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -2011,7 +2012,7 @@ forte_probe (struct pci_dev *pci_dev, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 	memset (chip, 0, sizeof (struct forte_chip));
 	chip->pci_dev = pci_dev;
 
-	init_MUTEX(&chip->open_sem);
+	mutex_init(&chip->open_mutex);
 	spin_lock_init (&chip->lock);
 	spin_lock_init (&chip->ac97_lock);
 
diff --git a/sound/oss/hal2.c b/sound/oss/hal2.c
index afe97c4ce069a5e28caab718327010185812ee8d..dd4f59d30a3ab7031b0b775da7ffbe3a41973134 100644
--- a/sound/oss/hal2.c
+++ b/sound/oss/hal2.c
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@
 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
 #include <linux/sound.h>
 #include <linux/soundcard.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/sgi/hpc3.h>
@@ -92,7 +94,7 @@ struct hal2_codec {
 
 	wait_queue_head_t dma_wait;
 	spinlock_t lock;
-	struct semaphore sem;
+	struct mutex sem;
 
 	int usecount;			/* recording and playback are
 					 * independent */
@@ -1178,7 +1180,7 @@ static ssize_t hal2_read(struct file *file, char *buffer,
 
 	if (!count)
 		return 0;
-	if (down_interruptible(&adc->sem))
+	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&adc->sem))
 		return -EINTR;
 	if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
 		err = hal2_get_buffer(hal2, buffer, count);
@@ -1217,7 +1219,7 @@ static ssize_t hal2_read(struct file *file, char *buffer,
 			}
 		} while (count > 0 && err >= 0);
 	}
-	up(&adc->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&adc->sem);
 
 	return err;
 }
@@ -1232,7 +1234,7 @@ static ssize_t hal2_write(struct file *file, const char *buffer,
 
 	if (!count)
 		return 0;
-	if (down_interruptible(&dac->sem))
+	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&dac->sem))
 		return -EINTR;
 	if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
 		err = hal2_add_buffer(hal2, buf, count);
@@ -1271,7 +1273,7 @@ static ssize_t hal2_write(struct file *file, const char *buffer,
 			}
 		} while (count > 0 && err >= 0);
 	}
-	up(&dac->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&dac->sem);
 
 	return err;
 }
@@ -1356,20 +1358,20 @@ static int hal2_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ) {
 		struct hal2_codec *adc = &hal2->adc;
 
-		down(&adc->sem);
+		mutex_lock(&adc->sem);
 		hal2_stop_adc(hal2);
 		hal2_free_adc_dmabuf(adc);
 		adc->usecount--;
-		up(&adc->sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&adc->sem);
 	}
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
 		struct hal2_codec *dac = &hal2->dac;
 
-		down(&dac->sem);
+		mutex_lock(&dac->sem);
 		hal2_sync_dac(hal2);
 		hal2_free_dac_dmabuf(dac);
 		dac->usecount--;
-		up(&dac->sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&dac->sem);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -1400,7 +1402,7 @@ static void hal2_init_codec(struct hal2_codec *codec, struct hpc3_regs *hpc3,
 	codec->pbus.pbusnr = index;
 	codec->pbus.pbus = &hpc3->pbdma[index];
 	init_waitqueue_head(&codec->dma_wait);
-	init_MUTEX(&codec->sem);
+	mutex_init(&codec->sem);
 	spin_lock_init(&codec->lock);
 }
 
diff --git a/sound/oss/i810_audio.c b/sound/oss/i810_audio.c
index abc242abd5b111ba5dea82c2d51889a26a9a45b6..dd2b871cdac56a2e8527f57f90c9b16a999a22be 100644
--- a/sound/oss/i810_audio.c
+++ b/sound/oss/i810_audio.c
@@ -100,6 +100,8 @@
 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
 #include <linux/ac97_codec.h>
 #include <linux/bitops.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 
 #define DRIVER_VERSION "1.01"
@@ -331,7 +333,7 @@ struct i810_state {
 	struct i810_card *card;	/* Card info */
 
 	/* single open lock mechanism, only used for recording */
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
 	wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
 
 	/* file mode */
@@ -2597,7 +2599,7 @@ static int i810_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	state->card = card;
 	state->magic = I810_STATE_MAGIC;
 	init_waitqueue_head(&dmabuf->wait);
-	init_MUTEX(&state->open_sem);
+	mutex_init(&state->open_mutex);
 	file->private_data = state;
 	dmabuf->trigger = 0;
 
@@ -3213,7 +3215,7 @@ static void __devinit i810_configure_clocking (void)
 		state->card = card;
 		state->magic = I810_STATE_MAGIC;
 		init_waitqueue_head(&dmabuf->wait);
-		init_MUTEX(&state->open_sem);
+		mutex_init(&state->open_mutex);
 		dmabuf->fmt = I810_FMT_STEREO | I810_FMT_16BIT;
 		dmabuf->trigger = PCM_ENABLE_OUTPUT;
 		i810_set_spdif_output(state, -1, 0);
diff --git a/sound/oss/ite8172.c b/sound/oss/ite8172.c
index 8fd2f9a9e6681e43ce908d160bd68c1cb7982806..ffcb910f5c3e16637b9afa6811a52db1b6544dfb 100644
--- a/sound/oss/ite8172.c
+++ b/sound/oss/ite8172.c
@@ -71,6 +71,8 @@
 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
 #include <linux/ac97_codec.h>
 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/dma.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
@@ -304,7 +306,7 @@ struct it8172_state {
 	unsigned dacrate, adcrate;
 
 	spinlock_t lock;
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
 	mode_t open_mode;
 	wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
 
@@ -1801,21 +1803,21 @@ static int it8172_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & file->f_mode) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
@@ -1850,7 +1852,7 @@ static int it8172_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 
 	s->open_mode |= (file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE));
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
 
@@ -1864,7 +1866,7 @@ static int it8172_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	lock_kernel();
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
 		drain_dac(s, file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
 		stop_dac(s);
 		dealloc_dmabuf(s, &s->dma_dac);
@@ -1874,7 +1876,7 @@ static int it8172_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		dealloc_dmabuf(s, &s->dma_adc);
 	}
 	s->open_mode &= ((~file->f_mode) & (FMODE_READ|FMODE_WRITE));
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
@@ -1997,7 +1999,7 @@ static int __devinit it8172_probe(struct pci_dev *pcidev,
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->dma_adc.wait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->dma_dac.wait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->open_wait);
-	init_MUTEX(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_init(&s->open_mutex);
 	spin_lock_init(&s->lock);
 	s->dev = pcidev;
 	s->io = pci_resource_start(pcidev, 0);
diff --git a/sound/oss/maestro.c b/sound/oss/maestro.c
index d4b569acf764357e10a39066137674d986886357..e647f2f862799445b49c3c52bf9a27300b0a6782 100644
--- a/sound/oss/maestro.c
+++ b/sound/oss/maestro.c
@@ -223,6 +223,8 @@
 #include <linux/reboot.h>
 #include <linux/bitops.h>
 #include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 
 #include <asm/current.h>
 #include <asm/dma.h>
@@ -397,7 +399,7 @@ struct ess_state {
 	/* this locks around the oss state in the driver */
 	spinlock_t lock;
 	/* only let 1 be opening at a time */
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
 	wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
 	mode_t open_mode;
 
@@ -3020,26 +3022,26 @@ ess_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
        	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & file->f_mode) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EWOULDBLOCK;
 		}
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		interruptible_sleep_on(&s->open_wait);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 
 	/* under semaphore.. */
 	if ((s->card->dmapages==NULL) && allocate_buffers(s)) {
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
 
-	/* we're covered by the open_sem */
+	/* we're covered by the open_mutex */
 	if( ! s->card->dsps_open )  {
 		maestro_power(s->card,ACPI_D0);
 		start_bob(s);
@@ -3076,7 +3078,7 @@ ess_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	set_fmt(s, fmtm, fmts);
 	s->open_mode |= file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE);
 
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
 
@@ -3089,7 +3091,7 @@ ess_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	lock_kernel();
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
 		drain_dac(s, file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
 		stop_dac(s);
 	}
@@ -3098,7 +3100,7 @@ ess_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 		
 	s->open_mode &= (~file->f_mode) & (FMODE_READ|FMODE_WRITE);
-	/* we're covered by the open_sem */
+	/* we're covered by the open_mutex */
 	M_printk("maestro: %d dsps now alive\n",s->card->dsps_open-1);
 	if( --s->card->dsps_open <= 0) {
 		s->card->dsps_open = 0;
@@ -3106,7 +3108,7 @@ ess_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		free_buffers(s);
 		maestro_power(s->card,ACPI_D2);
 	}
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
@@ -3466,7 +3468,7 @@ maestro_probe(struct pci_dev *pcidev,const struct pci_device_id *pdid)
 		init_waitqueue_head(&s->dma_dac.wait);
 		init_waitqueue_head(&s->open_wait);
 		spin_lock_init(&s->lock);
-		init_MUTEX(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_init(&s->open_mutex);
 		s->magic = ESS_STATE_MAGIC;
 		
 		s->apu[0] = 6*i;
diff --git a/sound/oss/maestro3.c b/sound/oss/maestro3.c
index f3dec70fcb9b2bacf50e36390ca10330b6cc4927..66044aff25867c885085d8334fba657c5ae1d066 100644
--- a/sound/oss/maestro3.c
+++ b/sound/oss/maestro3.c
@@ -144,6 +144,8 @@
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
 #include <linux/ac97_codec.h>
 #include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/dma.h>
@@ -205,7 +207,7 @@ struct m3_state {
 		when irqhandler uses s->lock
 		and m3_assp_read uses card->lock ?
 		*/
-    struct semaphore open_sem;
+    struct mutex open_mutex;
     wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
     mode_t open_mode;
 
@@ -2013,17 +2015,17 @@ static int m3_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
     file->private_data = s;
 
     /* wait for device to become free */
-    down(&s->open_sem);
+    mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
     while (s->open_mode & file->f_mode) {
         if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-            up(&s->open_sem);
+            mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
             return -EWOULDBLOCK;
         }
-        up(&s->open_sem);
+        mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
         interruptible_sleep_on(&s->open_wait);
         if (signal_pending(current))
             return -ERESTARTSYS;
-        down(&s->open_sem);
+        mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
     }
     
     spin_lock_irqsave(&c->lock, flags);
@@ -2047,7 +2049,7 @@ static int m3_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
     set_fmt(s, fmtm, fmts);
     s->open_mode |= file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE);
 
-    up(&s->open_sem);
+    mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
     spin_unlock_irqrestore(&c->lock, flags);
     return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
@@ -2062,7 +2064,7 @@ static int m3_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
     if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
         drain_dac(s, file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
 
-    down(&s->open_sem);
+    mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
     spin_lock_irqsave(&card->lock, flags);
 
     if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
@@ -2083,7 +2085,7 @@ static int m3_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
     s->open_mode &= (~file->f_mode) & (FMODE_READ|FMODE_WRITE);
 
     spin_unlock_irqrestore(&card->lock, flags);
-    up(&s->open_sem);
+    mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
     wake_up(&s->open_wait);
 
     return 0;
@@ -2679,7 +2681,7 @@ static int __devinit m3_probe(struct pci_dev *pci_dev, const struct pci_device_i
         init_waitqueue_head(&s->dma_adc.wait);
         init_waitqueue_head(&s->dma_dac.wait);
         init_waitqueue_head(&s->open_wait);
-        init_MUTEX(&(s->open_sem));
+        mutex_init(&(s->open_mutex));
         s->magic = M3_STATE_MAGIC;
 
         m3_assp_client_init(s);
diff --git a/sound/oss/nec_vrc5477.c b/sound/oss/nec_vrc5477.c
index fbb9170e8e0acac160f30d383e4490314841d0e2..21c1954d91080a086fb961d946d3d97b29577738 100644
--- a/sound/oss/nec_vrc5477.c
+++ b/sound/oss/nec_vrc5477.c
@@ -78,6 +78,8 @@
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
 #include <linux/ac97_codec.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/dma.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
@@ -198,7 +200,7 @@ struct vrc5477_ac97_state {
 	unsigned short extended_status;
 
 	spinlock_t lock;
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
 	mode_t open_mode;
 	wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
 
@@ -1617,22 +1619,22 @@ static int vrc5477_ac97_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	file->private_data = s;
 
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & file->f_mode) {
 
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
@@ -1659,7 +1661,7 @@ static int vrc5477_ac97_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
  bailout:
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1671,7 +1673,7 @@ static int vrc5477_ac97_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	lock_kernel();
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
 		drain_dac(s, file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
 		stop_dac(s);
 		dealloc_dmabuf(s, &s->dma_dac);
@@ -1681,7 +1683,7 @@ static int vrc5477_ac97_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		dealloc_dmabuf(s, &s->dma_adc);
 	}
 	s->open_mode &= (~file->f_mode) & (FMODE_READ|FMODE_WRITE);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
@@ -1867,7 +1869,7 @@ static int __devinit vrc5477_ac97_probe(struct pci_dev *pcidev,
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->dma_adc.wait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->dma_dac.wait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->open_wait);
-	init_MUTEX(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_init(&s->open_mutex);
 	spin_lock_init(&s->lock);
 
 	s->dev = pcidev;
diff --git a/sound/oss/rme96xx.c b/sound/oss/rme96xx.c
index faa0b7919b6525c757c16c88b7c8e7dcc0bd5922..a1ec9d131ab38f1ad8f356f096b24204fb3dbbca 100644
--- a/sound/oss/rme96xx.c
+++ b/sound/oss/rme96xx.c
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@
 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
 #include <linux/poll.h>
 #include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 
 #include <asm/dma.h>
 #include <asm/page.h>
@@ -326,7 +327,7 @@ typedef struct _rme96xx_info {
 
 		/* waiting and locking */
 		wait_queue_head_t wait;
-		struct semaphore  open_sem;
+		struct mutex  open_mutex;
 		wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
 
 	} dma[RME96xx_MAX_DEVS]; 
@@ -842,7 +843,7 @@ static void busmaster_free(void* ptr,int size) {
 
 static int rme96xx_dmabuf_init(rme96xx_info * s,struct dmabuf* dma,int ioffset,int ooffset) {
 
-	init_MUTEX(&dma->open_sem);
+	mutex_init(&dma->open_mutex);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&dma->open_wait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&dma->wait);
 	dma->s = s; 
@@ -1469,21 +1470,21 @@ static int rme96xx_open(struct inode *in, struct file *f)
 	dma = &s->dma[devnum];
 	f->private_data = dma;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&dma->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&dma->open_mutex);
 	while (dma->open_mode & f->f_mode) {
 		if (f->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&dma->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&dma->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&dma->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&dma->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&dma->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&dma->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&dma->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&dma->open_mutex);
 	}
 
 	COMM                ("hardware open")
@@ -1492,7 +1493,7 @@ static int rme96xx_open(struct inode *in, struct file *f)
 
 	dma->open_mode |= (f->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE));
 	dma->opened = 1;
-	up(&dma->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&dma->open_mutex);
 
 	DBG(printk("device num %d open finished\n",devnum));
 	return 0;
@@ -1524,7 +1525,7 @@ static int rme96xx_release(struct inode *in, struct file *file)
 	}
 
 	wake_up(&dma->open_wait);
-	up(&dma->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&dma->open_mutex);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/sound/oss/sonicvibes.c b/sound/oss/sonicvibes.c
index 71b05e2f697765637c7c01b76a932e66c9c45a9f..69a4b8778b5130cf03bb6cbec900beec06afa337 100644
--- a/sound/oss/sonicvibes.c
+++ b/sound/oss/sonicvibes.c
@@ -116,6 +116,8 @@
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
 #include <linux/gameport.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
@@ -328,7 +330,7 @@ struct sv_state {
 	unsigned char fmt, enable;
 
 	spinlock_t lock;
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
 	mode_t open_mode;
 	wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
 
@@ -1922,21 +1924,21 @@ static int sv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
        	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & file->f_mode) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ) {
 		fmtm &= ~((SV_CFMT_STEREO | SV_CFMT_16BIT) << SV_CFMT_CSHIFT);
@@ -1956,7 +1958,7 @@ static int sv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 	set_fmt(s, fmtm, fmts);
 	s->open_mode |= file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
 
@@ -1968,7 +1970,7 @@ static int sv_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	lock_kernel();
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
 		drain_dac(s, file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
 		stop_dac(s);
 		dealloc_dmabuf(s, &s->dma_dac);
@@ -1979,7 +1981,7 @@ static int sv_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 	s->open_mode &= ~(file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ|FMODE_WRITE));
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2167,21 +2169,21 @@ static int sv_midi_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
        	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & (file->f_mode << FMODE_MIDI_SHIFT)) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
 	if (!(s->open_mode & (FMODE_MIDI_READ | FMODE_MIDI_WRITE))) {
@@ -2210,7 +2212,7 @@ static int sv_midi_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 	s->open_mode |= (file->f_mode << FMODE_MIDI_SHIFT) & (FMODE_MIDI_READ | FMODE_MIDI_WRITE);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
 
@@ -2248,7 +2250,7 @@ static int sv_midi_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->midi.owait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 	}
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	s->open_mode &= ~((file->f_mode << FMODE_MIDI_SHIFT) & (FMODE_MIDI_READ|FMODE_MIDI_WRITE));
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
 	if (!(s->open_mode & (FMODE_MIDI_READ | FMODE_MIDI_WRITE))) {
@@ -2257,7 +2259,7 @@ static int sv_midi_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2388,21 +2390,21 @@ static int sv_dmfm_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
        	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	file->private_data = s;
 	/* wait for device to become free */
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	while (s->open_mode & FMODE_DMFM) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-			up(&s->open_sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 		add_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		up(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 		schedule();
 		remove_wait_queue(&s->open_wait, &wait);
 		set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 		if (signal_pending(current))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
-		down(&s->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	}
 	/* init the stuff */
 	outb(1, s->iosynth);
@@ -2412,7 +2414,7 @@ static int sv_dmfm_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	outb(5, s->iosynth+2);
 	outb(1, s->iosynth+3);  /* enable OPL3 */
 	s->open_mode |= FMODE_DMFM;
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
 
@@ -2423,7 +2425,7 @@ static int sv_dmfm_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 
 	VALIDATE_STATE(s);
 	lock_kernel();
-	down(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&s->open_mutex);
 	s->open_mode &= ~FMODE_DMFM;
 	for (regb = 0xb0; regb < 0xb9; regb++) {
 		outb(regb, s->iosynth);
@@ -2432,7 +2434,7 @@ static int sv_dmfm_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		outb(0, s->iosynth+3);
 	}
 	wake_up(&s->open_wait);
-	up(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&s->open_mutex);
 	unlock_kernel();
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2582,7 +2584,7 @@ static int __devinit sv_probe(struct pci_dev *pcidev, const struct pci_device_id
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->open_wait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->midi.iwait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->midi.owait);
-	init_MUTEX(&s->open_sem);
+	mutex_init(&s->open_mutex);
 	spin_lock_init(&s->lock);
 	s->magic = SV_MAGIC;
 	s->dev = pcidev;
diff --git a/sound/oss/swarm_cs4297a.c b/sound/oss/swarm_cs4297a.c
index df4d3771fa84de384537a141fe30d66074c1e246..dce9016cbcfde2ee55d8de79784daedc31670306 100644
--- a/sound/oss/swarm_cs4297a.c
+++ b/sound/oss/swarm_cs4297a.c
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/poll.h>
 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 
 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
 #include <asm/dma.h>
@@ -291,9 +292,9 @@ struct cs4297a_state {
 	unsigned conversion:1;	// conversion from 16 to 8 bit in progress
 	unsigned ena;
 	spinlock_t lock;
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
-	struct semaphore open_sem_adc;
-	struct semaphore open_sem_dac;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
+	struct mutex open_sem_adc;
+	struct mutex open_sem_dac;
 	mode_t open_mode;
 	wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
 	wait_queue_head_t open_wait_adc;
@@ -2352,20 +2353,20 @@ static int cs4297a_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
 		drain_dac(s, file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
-		down(&s->open_sem_dac);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_sem_dac);
 		stop_dac(s);
 		dealloc_dmabuf(s, &s->dma_dac);
 		s->open_mode &= ~FMODE_WRITE;
-		up(&s->open_sem_dac);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_sem_dac);
 		wake_up(&s->open_wait_dac);
 	}
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ) {
 		drain_adc(s, file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
-		down(&s->open_sem_adc);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_sem_adc);
 		stop_adc(s);
 		dealloc_dmabuf(s, &s->dma_adc);
 		s->open_mode &= ~FMODE_READ;
-		up(&s->open_sem_adc);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_sem_adc);
 		wake_up(&s->open_wait_adc);
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -2413,37 +2414,37 @@ static int cs4297a_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
                                 ;
                 }
           
-		down(&s->open_sem_dac);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_sem_dac);
 		while (s->open_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
 			if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-				up(&s->open_sem_dac);
+				mutex_unlock(&s->open_sem_dac);
 				return -EBUSY;
 			}
-			up(&s->open_sem_dac);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_sem_dac);
 			interruptible_sleep_on(&s->open_wait_dac);
 
 			if (signal_pending(current)) {
                                 printk("open - sig pending\n");
 				return -ERESTARTSYS;
                         }
-			down(&s->open_sem_dac);
+			mutex_lock(&s->open_sem_dac);
 		}
 	}
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ) {
-		down(&s->open_sem_adc);
+		mutex_lock(&s->open_sem_adc);
 		while (s->open_mode & FMODE_READ) {
 			if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
-				up(&s->open_sem_adc);
+				mutex_unlock(&s->open_sem_adc);
 				return -EBUSY;
 			}
-			up(&s->open_sem_adc);
+			mutex_unlock(&s->open_sem_adc);
 			interruptible_sleep_on(&s->open_wait_adc);
 
 			if (signal_pending(current)) {
                                 printk("open - sig pending\n");
 				return -ERESTARTSYS;
                         }
-			down(&s->open_sem_adc);
+			mutex_lock(&s->open_sem_adc);
 		}
 	}
 	s->open_mode |= file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE);
@@ -2456,7 +2457,7 @@ static int cs4297a_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		s->ena &= ~FMODE_READ;
 		s->dma_adc.ossfragshift = s->dma_adc.ossmaxfrags =
 		    s->dma_adc.subdivision = 0;
-		up(&s->open_sem_adc);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_sem_adc);
 
 		if (prog_dmabuf_adc(s)) {
 			CS_DBGOUT(CS_OPEN | CS_ERROR, 2, printk(KERN_ERR
@@ -2474,7 +2475,7 @@ static int cs4297a_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		s->ena &= ~FMODE_WRITE;
 		s->dma_dac.ossfragshift = s->dma_dac.ossmaxfrags =
 		    s->dma_dac.subdivision = 0;
-		up(&s->open_sem_dac);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->open_sem_dac);
 
 		if (prog_dmabuf_dac(s)) {
 			CS_DBGOUT(CS_OPEN | CS_ERROR, 2, printk(KERN_ERR
@@ -2631,8 +2632,8 @@ static int __init cs4297a_init(void)
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->open_wait);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->open_wait_adc);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&s->open_wait_dac);
-	init_MUTEX(&s->open_sem_adc);
-	init_MUTEX(&s->open_sem_dac);
+	mutex_init(&s->open_sem_adc);
+	mutex_init(&s->open_sem_dac);
 	spin_lock_init(&s->lock);
 
         s->irq = K_INT_SER_1;
diff --git a/sound/oss/trident.c b/sound/oss/trident.c
index a21c663e7e12564a334b2de16957a99cb95fd21a..e61a454a815026252d4bf465ea476d493f3ac270 100644
--- a/sound/oss/trident.c
+++ b/sound/oss/trident.c
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@
  *
  *	Lock order (high->low)
  *		lock	-	hardware lock
- *		open_sem - 	guard opens
+ *		open_mutex - 	guard opens
  *		sem	-	guard dmabuf, write re-entry etc
  */
 
@@ -216,6 +216,8 @@
 #include <linux/pm.h>
 #include <linux/gameport.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/dma.h>
@@ -349,7 +351,7 @@ struct trident_state {
 	unsigned chans_num;
 	unsigned long fmt_flag;
 	/* Guard against mmap/write/read races */
-	struct semaphore sem;
+	struct mutex sem;
 
 };
 
@@ -402,7 +404,7 @@ struct trident_card {
 	struct trident_card *next;
 
 	/* single open lock mechanism, only used for recording */
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
 
 	/* The trident has a certain amount of cross channel interaction
 	   so we use a single per card lock */
@@ -1881,7 +1883,7 @@ trident_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, size_t count, loff_t * ppos
 	if (!access_ok(VERIFY_WRITE, buffer, count))
 		return -EFAULT;
 
-	down(&state->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&state->sem);
 	if (!dmabuf->ready && (ret = prog_dmabuf_record(state)))
 		goto out;
 
@@ -1913,7 +1915,7 @@ trident_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, size_t count, loff_t * ppos
 				goto out;
 			}
 
-			up(&state->sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&state->sem);
 			/* No matter how much space left in the buffer, */ 
 			/* we have to wait until CSO == ESO/2 or CSO == ESO */ 
 			/* when address engine interrupts */
@@ -1940,7 +1942,7 @@ trident_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, size_t count, loff_t * ppos
 					ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
 				goto out;
 			}
-			down(&state->sem);
+			mutex_lock(&state->sem);
 			if (dmabuf->mapped) {
 				if (!ret)
 					ret = -ENXIO;
@@ -1968,7 +1970,7 @@ trident_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, size_t count, loff_t * ppos
 		start_adc(state);
 	}
 out:
-	up(&state->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&state->sem);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1996,7 +1998,7 @@ trident_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t count, loff_t
 	 *      Guard against an mmap or ioctl while writing
 	 */
 
-	down(&state->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&state->sem);
 
 	if (dmabuf->mapped) {
 		ret = -ENXIO;
@@ -2045,7 +2047,7 @@ trident_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t count, loff_t
 			tmo = (dmabuf->dmasize * HZ) / (dmabuf->rate * 2);
 			tmo >>= sample_shift[dmabuf->fmt];
 			unlock_set_fmt(state);
-			up(&state->sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&state->sem);
 
 			/* There are two situations when sleep_on_timeout */ 
 			/* returns, one is when the interrupt is serviced */ 
@@ -2073,7 +2075,7 @@ trident_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t count, loff_t
 					ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
 				goto out_nolock;
 			}
-			down(&state->sem);
+			mutex_lock(&state->sem);
 			if (dmabuf->mapped) {
 				if (!ret)
 					ret = -ENXIO;
@@ -2131,7 +2133,7 @@ trident_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t count, loff_t
 		start_dac(state);
 	}
 out:
-	up(&state->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&state->sem);
 out_nolock:
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -2152,24 +2154,24 @@ trident_poll(struct file *file, struct poll_table_struct *wait)
 	 *      prog_dmabuf events
 	 */
 
-	down(&state->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&state->sem);
 
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
 		if (!dmabuf->ready && prog_dmabuf_playback(state)) {
-			up(&state->sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&state->sem);
 			return 0;
 		}
 		poll_wait(file, &dmabuf->wait, wait);
 	}
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ) {
 		if (!dmabuf->ready && prog_dmabuf_record(state)) {
-			up(&state->sem);
+			mutex_unlock(&state->sem);
 			return 0;
 		}
 		poll_wait(file, &dmabuf->wait, wait);
 	}
 
-	up(&state->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&state->sem);
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&state->card->lock, flags);
 	trident_update_ptr(state);
@@ -2207,7 +2209,7 @@ trident_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	 *      a read or write against an mmap.
 	 */
 
-	down(&state->sem);
+	mutex_lock(&state->sem);
 
 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE) {
 		if ((ret = prog_dmabuf_playback(state)) != 0)
@@ -2232,7 +2234,7 @@ trident_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	dmabuf->mapped = 1;
 	ret = 0;
 out:
-	up(&state->sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&state->sem);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -2429,15 +2431,15 @@ trident_ioctl(struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
 							unlock_set_fmt(state);
 							break;
 						}
-						down(&state->card->open_sem);
+						mutex_lock(&state->card->open_mutex);
 						ret = ali_allocate_other_states_resources(state, 6);
 						if (ret < 0) {
-							up(&state->card->open_sem);
+							mutex_unlock(&state->card->open_mutex);
 							unlock_set_fmt(state);
 							break;
 						}
 						state->card->multi_channel_use_count++;
-						up(&state->card->open_sem);
+						mutex_unlock(&state->card->open_mutex);
 					} else
 						val = 2;	/*yield to 2-channels */
 				} else
@@ -2727,11 +2729,11 @@ trident_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 
 	/* find an available virtual channel (instance of /dev/dsp) */
 	while (card != NULL) {
-		down(&card->open_sem);
+		mutex_lock(&card->open_mutex);
 		if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ) {
 			/* Skip opens on cards that are in 6 channel mode */
 			if (card->multi_channel_use_count > 0) {
-				up(&card->open_sem);
+				mutex_unlock(&card->open_mutex);
 				card = card->next;
 				continue;
 			}
@@ -2740,16 +2742,16 @@ trident_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 			if (card->states[i] == NULL) {
 				state = card->states[i] = kmalloc(sizeof(*state), GFP_KERNEL);
 				if (state == NULL) {
-					up(&card->open_sem);
+					mutex_unlock(&card->open_mutex);
 					return -ENOMEM;
 				}
 				memset(state, 0, sizeof(*state));
-				init_MUTEX(&state->sem);
+				mutex_init(&state->sem);
 				dmabuf = &state->dmabuf;
 				goto found_virt;
 			}
 		}
-		up(&card->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&card->open_mutex);
 		card = card->next;
 	}
 	/* no more virtual channel avaiable */
@@ -2816,7 +2818,7 @@ trident_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	}
 
 	state->open_mode |= file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE);
-	up(&card->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&card->open_mutex);
 
 	pr_debug("trident: open virtual channel %d, hard channel %d\n",
 		 state->virt, dmabuf->channel->num);
@@ -2845,7 +2847,7 @@ trident_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		 state->virt, dmabuf->channel->num);
 
 	/* stop DMA state machine and free DMA buffers/channels */
-	down(&card->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&card->open_mutex);
 
 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
 		stop_dac(state);
@@ -2878,8 +2880,8 @@ trident_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	card->states[state->virt] = NULL;
 	kfree(state);
 
-	/* we're covered by the open_sem */
-	up(&card->open_sem);
+	/* we're covered by the open_mutex */
+	mutex_unlock(&card->open_mutex);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -4405,7 +4407,7 @@ trident_probe(struct pci_dev *pci_dev, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 	card->banks[BANK_B].addresses = &bank_b_addrs;
 	card->banks[BANK_B].bitmap = 0UL;
 
-	init_MUTEX(&card->open_sem);
+	mutex_init(&card->open_mutex);
 	spin_lock_init(&card->lock);
 	init_timer(&card->timer);
 
diff --git a/sound/oss/via82cxxx_audio.c b/sound/oss/via82cxxx_audio.c
index 83edda93f0b478fd9c05ff3928610027c01e38ed..1a921ee71aba2d567c5e48d186343905fa981550 100644
--- a/sound/oss/via82cxxx_audio.c
+++ b/sound/oss/via82cxxx_audio.c
@@ -38,7 +38,8 @@
 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
-#include <asm/semaphore.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 #include "sound_config.h"
 #include "dev_table.h"
 #include "mpu401.h"
@@ -311,8 +312,8 @@ struct via_info {
 	
 	int mixer_vol;		/* 8233/35 volume  - not yet implemented */
 
-	struct semaphore syscall_sem;
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
+	struct mutex syscall_mutex;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
 
 	/* The 8233/8235 have 4 DX audio channels, two record and
 	   one six channel out. We bind ch_in to DX 1, ch_out to multichannel
@@ -505,10 +506,10 @@ static inline int via_syscall_down (struct via_info *card, int nonblock)
 	nonblock = 0;
 
 	if (nonblock) {
-		if (down_trylock (&card->syscall_sem))
+		if (!mutex_trylock(&card->syscall_mutex))
 			return -EAGAIN;
 	} else {
-		if (down_interruptible (&card->syscall_sem))
+		if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&card->syscall_mutex))
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
 	}
 
@@ -1609,7 +1610,7 @@ static int via_mixer_ioctl (struct inode *inode, struct file *file, unsigned int
 #endif
 	rc = codec->mixer_ioctl(codec, cmd, arg);
 
-	up (&card->syscall_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&card->syscall_mutex);
 
 out:
 	DPRINTK ("EXIT, returning %d\n", rc);
@@ -2228,7 +2229,7 @@ static int via_dsp_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	if (wr)
 		card->ch_out.is_mapped = 1;
 
-	up (&card->syscall_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&card->syscall_mutex);
 	rc = 0;
 
 out:
@@ -2256,7 +2257,7 @@ static ssize_t via_dsp_do_read (struct via_info *card,
 	/* Thomas Sailer:
 	 * But also to ourselves, release semaphore if we do so */
 	if (need_resched()) {
-		up(&card->syscall_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&card->syscall_mutex);
 		schedule ();
 		ret = via_syscall_down (card, nonblock);
 		if (ret)
@@ -2286,7 +2287,7 @@ static ssize_t via_dsp_do_read (struct via_info *card,
 			break;
 		}
 
-		up(&card->syscall_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&card->syscall_mutex);
 
 		DPRINTK ("Sleeping on block %d\n", n);
 		schedule();
@@ -2402,7 +2403,7 @@ static ssize_t via_dsp_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, size_t count
 	rc = via_dsp_do_read (card, buffer, count, nonblock);
 
 out_up:
-	up (&card->syscall_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&card->syscall_mutex);
 out:
 	DPRINTK ("EXIT, returning %ld\n",(long) rc);
 	return rc;
@@ -2426,7 +2427,7 @@ static ssize_t via_dsp_do_write (struct via_info *card,
 	/* Thomas Sailer:
 	 * But also to ourselves, release semaphore if we do so */
 	if (need_resched()) {
-		up(&card->syscall_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&card->syscall_mutex);
 		schedule ();
 		ret = via_syscall_down (card, nonblock);
 		if (ret)
@@ -2456,7 +2457,7 @@ static ssize_t via_dsp_do_write (struct via_info *card,
 			break;
 		}
 
-		up(&card->syscall_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&card->syscall_mutex);
 
 		DPRINTK ("Sleeping on page %d, tmp==%d, ir==%d\n", n, tmp, chan->is_record);
 		schedule();
@@ -2585,7 +2586,7 @@ static ssize_t via_dsp_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_
 	rc = via_dsp_do_write (card, buffer, count, nonblock);
 
 out_up:
-	up (&card->syscall_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&card->syscall_mutex);
 out:
 	DPRINTK ("EXIT, returning %ld\n",(long) rc);
 	return rc;
@@ -2634,7 +2635,7 @@ static unsigned int via_dsp_poll(struct file *file, struct poll_table_struct *wa
  *	Sleeps until all playback has been flushed to the audio
  *	hardware.
  *
- *	Locking: inside card->syscall_sem
+ *	Locking: inside card->syscall_mutex
  */
 
 static int via_dsp_drain_playback (struct via_info *card,
@@ -2692,7 +2693,7 @@ static int via_dsp_drain_playback (struct via_info *card,
 			printk (KERN_ERR "sleeping but not active\n");
 #endif
 
-		up(&card->syscall_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&card->syscall_mutex);
 
 		DPRINTK ("sleeping, nbufs=%d\n", atomic_read (&chan->n_frags));
 		schedule();
@@ -2748,7 +2749,7 @@ static int via_dsp_drain_playback (struct via_info *card,
  *
  *	Handles SNDCTL_DSP_GETISPACE and SNDCTL_DSP_GETOSPACE.
  *
- *	Locking: inside card->syscall_sem
+ *	Locking: inside card->syscall_mutex
  */
 
 static int via_dsp_ioctl_space (struct via_info *card,
@@ -2793,7 +2794,7 @@ static int via_dsp_ioctl_space (struct via_info *card,
  *
  *	Handles SNDCTL_DSP_GETIPTR and SNDCTL_DSP_GETOPTR.
  *
- *	Locking: inside card->syscall_sem
+ *	Locking: inside card->syscall_mutex
  */
 
 static int via_dsp_ioctl_ptr (struct via_info *card,
@@ -3221,7 +3222,7 @@ static int via_dsp_ioctl (struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
 		break;
 	}
 
-	up (&card->syscall_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&card->syscall_mutex);
 	DPRINTK ("EXIT, returning %d\n", rc);
 	return rc;
 }
@@ -3264,12 +3265,12 @@ static int via_dsp_open (struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 
 match:
 	if (nonblock) {
-		if (down_trylock (&card->open_sem)) {
+		if (!mutex_trylock(&card->open_mutex)) {
 			DPRINTK ("EXIT, returning -EAGAIN\n");
 			return -EAGAIN;
 		}
 	} else {
-		if (down_interruptible (&card->open_sem)) {
+		if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&card->open_mutex)) {
 			DPRINTK ("EXIT, returning -ERESTARTSYS\n");
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
 		}
@@ -3355,8 +3356,8 @@ static int via_dsp_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		via_chan_buffer_free (card, &card->ch_in);
 	}
 
-	up (&card->syscall_sem);
-	up (&card->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&card->syscall_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&card->open_mutex);
 
 	DPRINTK ("EXIT, returning 0\n");
 	return 0;
@@ -3414,8 +3415,8 @@ static int __devinit via_init_one (struct pci_dev *pdev, const struct pci_device
 	card->card_num = via_num_cards++;
 	spin_lock_init (&card->lock);
 	spin_lock_init (&card->ac97_lock);
-	init_MUTEX (&card->syscall_sem);
-	init_MUTEX (&card->open_sem);
+	mutex_init(&card->syscall_mutex);
+	mutex_init(&card->open_mutex);
 
 	/* we must init these now, in case the intr handler needs them */
 	via_chan_init_defaults (card, &card->ch_out);
diff --git a/sound/oss/vwsnd.c b/sound/oss/vwsnd.c
index 265423054cafdee5f715615ddaaf219177b14ef6..b372e88e857f6996615ac1fb6a8c70daf70de164 100644
--- a/sound/oss/vwsnd.c
+++ b/sound/oss/vwsnd.c
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
  *	Open will block until the previous client has closed the
  *	device, unless O_NONBLOCK is specified.
  *
- *	The semaphore devc->io_sema serializes PCM I/O syscalls.  This
+ *	The semaphore devc->io_mutex serializes PCM I/O syscalls.  This
  *	is unnecessary in Linux 2.2, because the kernel lock
  *	serializes read, write, and ioctl globally, but it's there,
  *	ready for the brave, new post-kernel-lock world.
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
  *	area it owns and update its pointers.  See pcm_output() and
  *	pcm_input() for most of the gory stuff.
  *
- *	devc->mix_sema serializes all mixer ioctls.  This is also
+ *	devc->mix_mutex serializes all mixer ioctls.  This is also
  *	redundant because of the kernel lock.
  *
  *	The lowest level lock is lith->lithium_lock.  It is a
@@ -148,7 +148,8 @@
 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
 #include <linux/wait.h>
 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
-#include <asm/semaphore.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
 #include <asm/mach-visws/cobalt.h>
 
 #include "sound_config.h"
@@ -1447,11 +1448,11 @@ typedef enum vwsnd_port_flags {
  *
  *	port->lock protects: hwstate, flags, swb_[iu]_avail.
  *
- *	devc->io_sema protects: swstate, sw_*, swb_[iu]_idx.
+ *	devc->io_mutex protects: swstate, sw_*, swb_[iu]_idx.
  *
  *	everything else is only written by open/release or
  *	pcm_{setup,shutdown}(), which are serialized by a
- *	combination of devc->open_sema and devc->io_sema.
+ *	combination of devc->open_mutex and devc->io_mutex.
  */
 
 typedef struct vwsnd_port {
@@ -1507,9 +1508,9 @@ typedef struct vwsnd_dev {
 	int		audio_minor;	/* minor number of audio device */
 	int		mixer_minor;	/* minor number of mixer device */
 
-	struct semaphore open_sema;
-	struct semaphore io_sema;
-	struct semaphore mix_sema;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
+	struct mutex io_mutex;
+	struct mutex mix_mutex;
 	mode_t		open_mode;
 	wait_queue_head_t open_wait;
 
@@ -1633,7 +1634,7 @@ static __inline__ unsigned int swb_inc_i(vwsnd_port_t *port, int inc)
  * mode-setting ioctls have been done, but before the first I/O is
  * done.
  *
- * Locking: called with devc->io_sema held.
+ * Locking: called with devc->io_mutex held.
  *
  * Returns 0 on success, -errno on failure.
  */
@@ -2319,9 +2320,9 @@ static ssize_t vwsnd_audio_read(struct file *file,
 	vwsnd_dev_t *devc = file->private_data;
 	ssize_t ret;
 
-	down(&devc->io_sema);
+	mutex_lock(&devc->io_mutex);
 	ret = vwsnd_audio_do_read(file, buffer, count, ppos);
-	up(&devc->io_sema);
+	mutex_unlock(&devc->io_mutex);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -2394,9 +2395,9 @@ static ssize_t vwsnd_audio_write(struct file *file,
 	vwsnd_dev_t *devc = file->private_data;
 	ssize_t ret;
 
-	down(&devc->io_sema);
+	mutex_lock(&devc->io_mutex);
 	ret = vwsnd_audio_do_write(file, buffer, count, ppos);
-	up(&devc->io_sema);
+	mutex_unlock(&devc->io_mutex);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -2891,9 +2892,9 @@ static int vwsnd_audio_ioctl(struct inode *inode,
 	vwsnd_dev_t *devc = (vwsnd_dev_t *) file->private_data;
 	int ret;
 
-	down(&devc->io_sema);
+	mutex_lock(&devc->io_mutex);
 	ret = vwsnd_audio_do_ioctl(inode, file, cmd, arg);
-	up(&devc->io_sema);
+	mutex_unlock(&devc->io_mutex);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -2929,9 +2930,9 @@ static int vwsnd_audio_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 
-	down(&devc->open_sema);
+	mutex_lock(&devc->open_mutex);
 	while (devc->open_mode & file->f_mode) {
-		up(&devc->open_sema);
+		mutex_unlock(&devc->open_mutex);
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
 			DEC_USE_COUNT;
 			return -EBUSY;
@@ -2941,10 +2942,10 @@ static int vwsnd_audio_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 			DEC_USE_COUNT;
 			return -ERESTARTSYS;
 		}
-		down(&devc->open_sema);
+		mutex_lock(&devc->open_mutex);
 	}
 	devc->open_mode |= file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE);
-	up(&devc->open_sema);
+	mutex_unlock(&devc->open_mutex);
 
 	/* get default sample format from minor number. */
 
@@ -2960,7 +2961,7 @@ static int vwsnd_audio_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 
 	/* Initialize vwsnd_ports. */
 
-	down(&devc->io_sema);
+	mutex_lock(&devc->io_mutex);
 	{
 		if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ) {
 			devc->rport.swstate        = SW_INITIAL;
@@ -2987,7 +2988,7 @@ static int vwsnd_audio_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 			devc->wport.frag_count     = 0;
 		}
 	}
-	up(&devc->io_sema);
+	mutex_unlock(&devc->io_mutex);
 
 	file->private_data = devc;
 	DBGRV();
@@ -3005,7 +3006,7 @@ static int vwsnd_audio_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	int err = 0;
 
 	lock_kernel();
-	down(&devc->io_sema);
+	mutex_lock(&devc->io_mutex);
 	{
 		DBGEV("(inode=0x%p, file=0x%p)\n", inode, file);
 
@@ -3022,13 +3023,13 @@ static int vwsnd_audio_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 		if (wport)
 			wport->swstate = SW_OFF;
 	}
-	up(&devc->io_sema);
+	mutex_unlock(&devc->io_mutex);
 
-	down(&devc->open_sema);
+	mutex_lock(&devc->open_mutex);
 	{
 		devc->open_mode &= ~file->f_mode;
 	}
-	up(&devc->open_sema);
+	mutex_unlock(&devc->open_mutex);
 	wake_up(&devc->open_wait);
 	DEC_USE_COUNT;
 	DBGR();
@@ -3213,7 +3214,7 @@ static int vwsnd_mixer_ioctl(struct inode *ioctl,
 
 	DBGEV("(devc=0x%p, cmd=0x%x, arg=0x%lx)\n", devc, cmd, arg);
 
-	down(&devc->mix_sema);
+	mutex_lock(&devc->mix_mutex);
 	{
 		if ((cmd & ~nrmask) == MIXER_READ(0))
 			retval = mixer_read_ioctl(devc, nr, (void __user *) arg);
@@ -3222,7 +3223,7 @@ static int vwsnd_mixer_ioctl(struct inode *ioctl,
 		else
 			retval = -EINVAL;
 	}
-	up(&devc->mix_sema);
+	mutex_unlock(&devc->mix_mutex);
 	return retval;
 }
 
@@ -3376,9 +3377,9 @@ static int __init attach_vwsnd(struct address_info *hw_config)
 
 	/* Initialize as much of *devc as possible */
 
-	init_MUTEX(&devc->open_sema);
-	init_MUTEX(&devc->io_sema);
-	init_MUTEX(&devc->mix_sema);
+	mutex_init(&devc->open_mutex);
+	mutex_init(&devc->io_mutex);
+	mutex_init(&devc->mix_mutex);
 	devc->open_mode = 0;
 	spin_lock_init(&devc->rport.lock);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&devc->rport.queue);
diff --git a/sound/oss/ymfpci.c b/sound/oss/ymfpci.c
index f8bd72e46f57d23be931fbf446b46ca7acc7801b..bf90c124a7e61315a4eddd9bceb850918aa6e6ff 100644
--- a/sound/oss/ymfpci.c
+++ b/sound/oss/ymfpci.c
@@ -1918,10 +1918,10 @@ static int ymf_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	if (unit == NULL)
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	down(&unit->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&unit->open_mutex);
 
 	if ((state = ymf_state_alloc(unit)) == NULL) {
-		up(&unit->open_sem);
+		mutex_unlock(&unit->open_mutex);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
 	list_add_tail(&state->chain, &unit->states);
@@ -1956,7 +1956,7 @@ static int ymf_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	ymfpci_writeb(unit, YDSXGR_TIMERCTRL,
 	    (YDSXGR_TIMERCTRL_TEN|YDSXGR_TIMERCTRL_TIEN));
 #endif
-	up(&unit->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&unit->open_mutex);
 
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 
@@ -1974,7 +1974,7 @@ static int ymf_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	list_del(&state->chain);
 	kfree(state);
 
-	up(&unit->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&unit->open_mutex);
 	return err;
 }
 
@@ -1987,7 +1987,7 @@ static int ymf_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	ymfpci_writeb(unit, YDSXGR_TIMERCTRL, 0);
 #endif
 
-	down(&unit->open_sem);
+	mutex_lock(&unit->open_mutex);
 
 	/*
 	 * XXX Solve the case of O_NONBLOCK close - don't deallocate here.
@@ -2004,7 +2004,7 @@ static int ymf_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	file->private_data = NULL;	/* Can you tell I programmed Solaris */
 	kfree(state);
 
-	up(&unit->open_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&unit->open_mutex);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2532,7 +2532,7 @@ static int __devinit ymf_probe_one(struct pci_dev *pcidev, const struct pci_devi
 	spin_lock_init(&codec->reg_lock);
 	spin_lock_init(&codec->voice_lock);
 	spin_lock_init(&codec->ac97_lock);
-	init_MUTEX(&codec->open_sem);
+	mutex_init(&codec->open_mutex);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&codec->states);
 	codec->pci = pcidev;
 
diff --git a/sound/oss/ymfpci.h b/sound/oss/ymfpci.h
index f810a100c64145c4086f9b7e4babd36a0b71dd33..ac1785f2b7e76bc3af233c9f6b4a0bff5cd339b7 100644
--- a/sound/oss/ymfpci.h
+++ b/sound/oss/ymfpci.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  *
  */
 #include <linux/config.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 
 /*
  *  Direct registers
@@ -279,7 +280,7 @@ struct ymf_unit {
 
 	/* soundcore stuff */
 	int dev_audio;
-	struct semaphore open_sem;
+	struct mutex open_mutex;
 
 	struct list_head ymf_devs;
 	struct list_head states;	/* List of states for this unit */