diff --git a/arch/alpha/mm/fault.c b/arch/alpha/mm/fault.c
index 622dabd846800b14fb13c623eff5c61da0ac9cf7..8871529a34e2026e4f2bd4eda531df7ec59808a4 100644
--- a/arch/alpha/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/alpha/mm/fault.c
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ do_page_fault(unsigned long address, unsigned long mmcsr,
/* We ran out of memory, or some other thing happened to us that
made us unable to handle the page fault gracefully. */
out_of_memory:
- if (current->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(current)) {
yield();
down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
goto survive;
diff --git a/arch/arm/mm/fault.c b/arch/arm/mm/fault.c
index a5b33ff3924edc35c216f93232031f802651c4ad..5e658a8744984688ee171e16b67a44aee65c1331 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/arm/mm/fault.c
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ __do_page_fault(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, unsigned int fsr,
return fault;
}
- if (tsk->pid != 1)
+ if (!is_init(tsk))
goto out;
/*
diff --git a/arch/arm26/mm/fault.c b/arch/arm26/mm/fault.c
index a7c4cc922095a184f8dc95f85f7332f857f26b12..a1f6d8a9cc32919084d14b5cf9181dbceb013ca6 100644
--- a/arch/arm26/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/arm26/mm/fault.c
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ __do_page_fault(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, unsigned int fsr,
}
fault = -3; /* out of memory */
- if (tsk->pid != 1)
+ if (!is_init(tsk))
goto out;
/*
diff --git a/arch/i386/lib/usercopy.c b/arch/i386/lib/usercopy.c
index efc7e7d5f4d0f518847b5232f38aad75ea9367f4..08502fc6d0cb8d0fc819682d26b499e5aab08efb 100644
--- a/arch/i386/lib/usercopy.c
+++ b/arch/i386/lib/usercopy.c
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ unsigned long __copy_to_user_ll(void __user *to, const void *from,
retval = get_user_pages(current, current->mm,
(unsigned long )to, 1, 1, 0, &pg, NULL);
- if (retval == -ENOMEM && current->pid == 1) {
+ if (retval == -ENOMEM && is_init(current)) {
up_read(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
blk_congestion_wait(WRITE, HZ/50);
goto survive;
diff --git a/arch/i386/mm/fault.c b/arch/i386/mm/fault.c
index 50d8617391dd09cfd86bde16882580c9cc8cebb1..2581575786c135a0a0201cf63caf754a8654a755 100644
--- a/arch/i386/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/i386/mm/fault.c
@@ -589,7 +589,7 @@ fastcall void __kprobes do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs,
*/
out_of_memory:
up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
- if (tsk->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(tsk)) {
yield();
down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
goto survive;
diff --git a/arch/ia64/mm/fault.c b/arch/ia64/mm/fault.c
index d8b1b4ac7f2609f5a4a1a5294d3721c53baae885..59f3ab937615fb0fbe40ae08061b3aa47a32a775 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/mm/fault.c
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ ia64_do_page_fault (unsigned long address, unsigned long isr, struct pt_regs *re
out_of_memory:
up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
- if (current->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(current)) {
yield();
down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
goto survive;
diff --git a/arch/m32r/mm/fault.c b/arch/m32r/mm/fault.c
index dc18a33eefef36ccd10790525b2537e4cae89255..8d5f551b5754305e87474b617b8e437925b48f76 100644
--- a/arch/m32r/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/m32r/mm/fault.c
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ asmlinkage void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long error_code,
*/
out_of_memory:
up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
- if (tsk->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(tsk)) {
yield();
down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
goto survive;
diff --git a/arch/m68k/mm/fault.c b/arch/m68k/mm/fault.c
index 5e2d87c10c872bbdf42d4dc6bcce1ccd7b72b579..911f2ce3f53e11ec6d1e0deeba875735d5c2a13b 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/m68k/mm/fault.c
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ int do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long address,
*/
out_of_memory:
up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
- if (current->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(current)) {
yield();
down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
goto survive;
diff --git a/arch/mips/mm/fault.c b/arch/mips/mm/fault.c
index a4f8c45c4e8ede95a018f85da394317a88153ba4..8423d859077949520de140f5b03d7cfdecda92e1 100644
--- a/arch/mips/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/mips/mm/fault.c
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ asmlinkage void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long write,
*/
out_of_memory:
up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
- if (tsk->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(tsk)) {
yield();
down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
goto survive;
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/mm/fault.c b/arch/powerpc/mm/fault.c
index 77953f41d75406c200085e0bca8151857df9742f..e8fa50624b70dae41c27ce669e10f472b18970a8 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/mm/fault.c
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ int __kprobes do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long address,
*/
out_of_memory:
up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
- if (current->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(current)) {
yield();
down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
goto survive;
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/ras.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/ras.c
index 903115d67fdcc5230b718abb6dfb25038881d5b8..311ed1993fc036de995f444bac92d1a327236c89 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/ras.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/ras.c
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ static int recover_mce(struct pt_regs *regs, struct rtas_error_log * err)
err->disposition == RTAS_DISP_NOT_RECOVERED &&
err->target == RTAS_TARGET_MEMORY &&
err->type == RTAS_TYPE_ECC_UNCORR &&
- !(current->pid == 0 || current->pid == 1)) {
+ !(current->pid == 0 || is_init(current))) {
/* Kill off a user process with an ECC error */
printk(KERN_ERR "MCE: uncorrectable ecc error for pid %d\n",
current->pid);
diff --git a/arch/ppc/kernel/traps.c b/arch/ppc/kernel/traps.c
index d7a433049b4857b3acf2caa59e6f7c981d1c5f21..aafc8e8893d1ebc0ac969b097f77d9f976d616ee 100644
--- a/arch/ppc/kernel/traps.c
+++ b/arch/ppc/kernel/traps.c
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ void _exception(int signr, struct pt_regs *regs, int code, unsigned long addr)
* generate the same exception over and over again and we get
* nowhere. Better to kill it and let the kernel panic.
*/
- if (current->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(current)) {
__sighandler_t handler;
spin_lock_irq(¤t->sighand->siglock);
diff --git a/arch/ppc/mm/fault.c b/arch/ppc/mm/fault.c
index bc776beb3136f28bced9d3a4ab08d4efc039e5f8..465f451f3bc3a8a95908dcaa4d31757e04bc9f26 100644
--- a/arch/ppc/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/ppc/mm/fault.c
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ int do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long address,
*/
out_of_memory:
up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
- if (current->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(current)) {
yield();
down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
goto survive;
diff --git a/arch/s390/mm/fault.c b/arch/s390/mm/fault.c
index f2b9a84dc2bff3e424be20442a1835146c7f2924..9c3c19fe62fcd99dfb3893730d7f54b354b731f5 100644
--- a/arch/s390/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/s390/mm/fault.c
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ do_exception(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long error_code, int is_protection)
*/
out_of_memory:
up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
- if (tsk->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(tsk)) {
yield();
down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
goto survive;
diff --git a/arch/sh/mm/fault.c b/arch/sh/mm/fault.c
index 507f28914706ba4c8e4768c06df5f79a5bc6f998..68663b8f99aec28619ea7cb92d16978c5a08be25 100644
--- a/arch/sh/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/sh/mm/fault.c
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ asmlinkage void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long writeaccess,
*/
out_of_memory:
up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
- if (current->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(current)) {
yield();
down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
goto survive;
diff --git a/arch/sh64/mm/fault.c b/arch/sh64/mm/fault.c
index f08d0eaf6497d34c716d8f0c5ee4baf2aa4eb27c..8e2f6c28b7390fc712a8d07f8e8e567fbd7b6853 100644
--- a/arch/sh64/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/sh64/mm/fault.c
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ asmlinkage void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long writeaccess,
show_regs(regs);
#endif
}
- if (tsk->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(tsk)) {
panic("INIT had user mode bad_area\n");
}
tsk->thread.address = address;
@@ -319,14 +319,14 @@ asmlinkage void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long writeaccess,
* us unable to handle the page fault gracefully.
*/
out_of_memory:
- if (current->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(current)) {
panic("INIT out of memory\n");
yield();
goto survive;
}
printk("fault:Out of memory\n");
up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
- if (current->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(current)) {
yield();
down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
goto survive;
diff --git a/arch/um/kernel/trap.c b/arch/um/kernel/trap.c
index 61a23fff4395e822f1ee481a9ab589003201b1ba..c7b195c7e51fa3ddc3d46da245f2f0f5ce7fa6fe 100644
--- a/arch/um/kernel/trap.c
+++ b/arch/um/kernel/trap.c
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ int handle_page_fault(unsigned long address, unsigned long ip,
* us unable to handle the page fault gracefully.
*/
out_of_memory:
- if (current->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(current)) {
up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
yield();
down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
diff --git a/arch/x86_64/mm/fault.c b/arch/x86_64/mm/fault.c
index 9ba54cc2b5f676e0cfe0ed4a6f6fee53daa7ddeb..3751b4788e288748112c05df0121a1186aac5fab 100644
--- a/arch/x86_64/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/x86_64/mm/fault.c
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ static int is_errata93(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long address)
int unhandled_signal(struct task_struct *tsk, int sig)
{
- if (tsk->pid == 1)
+ if (is_init(tsk))
return 1;
if (tsk->ptrace & PT_PTRACED)
return 0;
@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ asmlinkage void __kprobes do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs,
*/
out_of_memory:
up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
- if (current->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(current)) {
yield();
goto again;
}
diff --git a/arch/xtensa/mm/fault.c b/arch/xtensa/mm/fault.c
index a945a33e85a129d0e268b1e20cf9a54710ec93c6..dd0dbec2e57e4f39b51ab7a73359a0117e638b48 100644
--- a/arch/xtensa/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/xtensa/mm/fault.c
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs)
*/
out_of_memory:
up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
- if (current->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(current)) {
yield();
down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
goto survive;
diff --git a/drivers/char/sysrq.c b/drivers/char/sysrq.c
index ee3ca8f1768e9be995a62a252404ad4712d5d6bc..0ad6cb081db4d1b3681a7b069d9439454e3bd9fc 100644
--- a/drivers/char/sysrq.c
+++ b/drivers/char/sysrq.c
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ static void send_sig_all(int sig)
struct task_struct *p;
for_each_process(p) {
- if (p->mm && p->pid != 1)
+ if (p->mm && !is_init(p))
/* Not swapper, init nor kernel thread */
force_sig(sig, p);
}
diff --git a/include/linux/sched.h b/include/linux/sched.h
index 3696f2f7126d60fb54c907a77b945c846aaaacd0..ed2af86715898b262b25e0ff9e5788ef821f03ae 100644
--- a/include/linux/sched.h
+++ b/include/linux/sched.h
@@ -1033,6 +1033,16 @@ static inline int pid_alive(struct task_struct *p)
return p->pids[PIDTYPE_PID].pid != NULL;
}
+/**
+ * is_init - check if a task structure is the first user space
+ * task the kernel created.
+ * @p: Task structure to be checked.
+ */
+static inline int is_init(struct task_struct *tsk)
+{
+ return tsk->pid == 1;
+}
+
extern void free_task(struct task_struct *tsk);
#define get_task_struct(tsk) do { atomic_inc(&(tsk)->usage); } while(0)
diff --git a/kernel/capability.c b/kernel/capability.c
index c7685ad00a97c4ddfd2f47029f0b5b4342da80be..edb845a6e84ae5e649ece39e18384620c5dac74e 100644
--- a/kernel/capability.c
+++ b/kernel/capability.c
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ static inline int cap_set_all(kernel_cap_t *effective,
int found = 0;
do_each_thread(g, target) {
- if (target == current || target->pid == 1)
+ if (target == current || is_init(target))
continue;
found = 1;
if (security_capset_check(target, effective, inheritable,
diff --git a/kernel/cpuset.c b/kernel/cpuset.c
index 1b32c2c04c153a056047134a28ed5f172eeb1f80..584bb4e6c0421cb5e25b5a68f2f694accad4383a 100644
--- a/kernel/cpuset.c
+++ b/kernel/cpuset.c
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ static struct super_block *cpuset_sb;
* A cpuset can only be deleted if both its 'count' of using tasks
* is zero, and its list of 'children' cpusets is empty. Since all
* tasks in the system use _some_ cpuset, and since there is always at
- * least one task in the system (init, pid == 1), therefore, top_cpuset
+ * least one task in the system (init), therefore, top_cpuset
* always has either children cpusets and/or using tasks. So we don't
* need a special hack to ensure that top_cpuset cannot be deleted.
*
diff --git a/kernel/exit.c b/kernel/exit.c
index 4b6fb054b25d715b906ca60d3b674f1be041d184..9961192d6055ca15fe9da23516755482a20313d7 100644
--- a/kernel/exit.c
+++ b/kernel/exit.c
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ static int will_become_orphaned_pgrp(int pgrp, struct task_struct *ignored_task)
do_each_task_pid(pgrp, PIDTYPE_PGID, p) {
if (p == ignored_task
|| p->exit_state
- || p->real_parent->pid == 1)
+ || is_init(p->real_parent))
continue;
if (process_group(p->real_parent) != pgrp
&& p->real_parent->signal->session == p->signal->session) {
diff --git a/kernel/kexec.c b/kernel/kexec.c
index 50087ecf337ea17e5429188688187b6623a57f20..37cad75cf49460a6b3cd99d1586b966516e5bc8e 100644
--- a/kernel/kexec.c
+++ b/kernel/kexec.c
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ struct resource crashk_res = {
int kexec_should_crash(struct task_struct *p)
{
- if (in_interrupt() || !p->pid || p->pid == 1 || panic_on_oops)
+ if (in_interrupt() || !p->pid || is_init(p) || panic_on_oops)
return 1;
return 0;
}
diff --git a/kernel/ptrace.c b/kernel/ptrace.c
index 8aad0331d82eae17482a37056c0368a8e6274661..4d50e06fd745cf28fc940252d856b51d1b372110 100644
--- a/kernel/ptrace.c
+++ b/kernel/ptrace.c
@@ -440,6 +440,7 @@ struct task_struct *ptrace_get_task_struct(pid_t pid)
child = find_task_by_pid(pid);
if (child)
get_task_struct(child);
+
read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
if (!child)
return ERR_PTR(-ESRCH);
diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c
index 8bfa7d117c54fb8ef2b0e5e458caf3303e17b366..9535a38399307130b0a1f5728fbfece8333d3d93 100644
--- a/kernel/sysctl.c
+++ b/kernel/sysctl.c
@@ -1915,7 +1915,7 @@ int proc_dointvec_bset(ctl_table *table, int write, struct file *filp,
return -EPERM;
}
- op = (current->pid == 1) ? OP_SET : OP_AND;
+ op = is_init(current) ? OP_SET : OP_AND;
return do_proc_dointvec(table,write,filp,buffer,lenp,ppos,
do_proc_dointvec_bset_conv,&op);
}
diff --git a/mm/oom_kill.c b/mm/oom_kill.c
index bada3d03119ff01381d6d47c1b828b59c3867106..f3dd79c1c367c05aa05c16ef6ce557052c1ae8b9 100644
--- a/mm/oom_kill.c
+++ b/mm/oom_kill.c
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ static struct task_struct *select_bad_process(unsigned long *ppoints)
*/
static void __oom_kill_task(struct task_struct *p, const char *message)
{
- if (p->pid == 1) {
+ if (is_init(p)) {
WARN_ON(1);
printk(KERN_WARNING "tried to kill init!\n");
return;
diff --git a/security/commoncap.c b/security/commoncap.c
index f50fc298cf801991879bee1de094dd56671562c3..5a5ef5ca7ea97eb9a2ef3901e3faff71fcaefcc6 100644
--- a/security/commoncap.c
+++ b/security/commoncap.c
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ void cap_bprm_apply_creds (struct linux_binprm *bprm, int unsafe)
/* For init, we want to retain the capabilities set
* in the init_task struct. Thus we skip the usual
* capability rules */
- if (current->pid != 1) {
+ if (!is_init(current)) {
current->cap_permitted = new_permitted;
current->cap_effective =
cap_intersect (new_permitted, bprm->cap_effective);