Skip to content
Snippets Groups Projects
kernel-parameters.txt 156 KiB
Newer Older
  • Learn to ignore specific revisions
  • 		cbmemsize=nn[KMG]	The fixed amount of bus space which is
    				reserved for the CardBus bridge's memory
    				window. The default value is 64 megabytes.
    
    		resource_alignment=
    				Format:
    				[<order of align>@][<domain>:]<bus>:<slot>.<func>[; ...]
    				Specifies alignment and device to reassign
    				aligned memory resources.
    				If <order of align> is not specified,
    				PAGE_SIZE is used as alignment.
    				PCI-PCI bridge can be specified, if resource
    				windows need to be expanded.
    
    		ecrc=		Enable/disable PCIe ECRC (transaction layer
    				end-to-end CRC checking).
    				bios: Use BIOS/firmware settings. This is the
    				the default.
    				off: Turn ECRC off
    				on: Turn ECRC on.
    
    		hpiosize=nn[KMG]	The fixed amount of bus space which is
    				reserved for hotplug bridge's IO window.
    				Default size is 256 bytes.
    		hpmemsize=nn[KMG]	The fixed amount of bus space which is
    				reserved for hotplug bridge's memory window.
    				Default size is 2 megabytes.
    
    		realloc=	Enable/disable reallocating PCI bridge resources
    				if allocations done by BIOS are too small to
    				accommodate resources required by all child
    				devices.
    				off: Turn realloc off
    				on: Turn realloc on
    		realloc		same as realloc=on
    
    		pcie_scan_all	Scan all possible PCIe devices.  Otherwise we
    				only look for one device below a PCIe downstream
    				port.
    
    	pcie_aspm=	[PCIE] Forcibly enable or disable PCIe Active State Power
    			Management.
    		off	Disable ASPM.
    		force	Enable ASPM even on devices that claim not to support it.
    			WARNING: Forcing ASPM on may cause system lockups.
    
    
    	pcie_hp=	[PCIE] PCI Express Hotplug driver options:
    		nomsi	Do not use MSI for PCI Express Native Hotplug (this
    			makes all PCIe ports use INTx for hotplug services).
    
    
    	pcie_ports=	[PCIE] PCIe ports handling:
    
    		auto	Ask the BIOS whether or not to use native PCIe services
    			associated with PCIe ports (PME, hot-plug, AER).  Use
    			them only if that is allowed by the BIOS.
    		native	Use native PCIe services associated with PCIe ports
    			unconditionally.
    
    		compat	Treat PCIe ports as PCI-to-PCI bridges, disable the PCIe
    			ports driver.
    
    
    	pcie_pme=	[PCIE,PM] Native PCIe PME signaling options:
    
    		nomsi	Do not use MSI for native PCIe PME signaling (this makes
    
    			all PCIe root ports use INTx for all services).
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	pcmv=		[HW,PCMCIA] BadgePAD 4
    
    
    	pd_ignore_unused
    			[PM]
    			Keep all power-domains already enabled by bootloader on,
    			even if no driver has claimed them. This is useful
    			for debug and development, but should not be
    			needed on a platform with proper driver support.
    
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	pd.		[PARIDE]
    
    			See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    
    	pdcchassis=	[PARISC,HW] Disable/Enable PDC Chassis Status codes at
    			boot time.
    			Format: { 0 | 1 }
    			See arch/parisc/kernel/pdc_chassis.c
    
    
    	percpu_alloc=	Select which percpu first chunk allocator to use.
    
    			Currently supported values are "embed" and "page".
    			Archs may support subset or none of the	selections.
    			See comments in mm/percpu.c for details on each
    			allocator.  This parameter is primarily	for debugging
    			and performance comparison.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	pf.		[PARIDE]
    
    			See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    
    	pg.		[PARIDE]
    
    			See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    
    	pirq=		[SMP,APIC] Manual mp-table setup
    
    Uwe Hermann's avatar
    Uwe Hermann committed
    			See Documentation/x86/i386/IO-APIC.txt.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    
    	plip=		[PPT,NET] Parallel port network link
    			Format: { parport<nr> | timid | 0 }
    			See also Documentation/parport.txt.
    
    
    	pmtmr=		[X86] Manual setup of pmtmr I/O Port.
    
    			Override pmtimer IOPort with a hex value.
    			e.g. pmtmr=0x508
    
    
    	pnp.debug=1	[PNP]
    			Enable PNP debug messages (depends on the
    			CONFIG_PNP_DEBUG_MESSAGES option).  Change at run-time
    			via /sys/module/pnp/parameters/debug.  We always show
    			current resource usage; turning this on also shows
    			possible settings and some assignment information.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	pnpacpi=	[ACPI]
    			{ off }
    
    	pnpbios=	[ISAPNP]
    			{ on | off | curr | res | no-curr | no-res }
    
    	pnp_reserve_irq=
    			[ISAPNP] Exclude IRQs for the autoconfiguration
    
    	pnp_reserve_dma=
    			[ISAPNP] Exclude DMAs for the autoconfiguration
    
    	pnp_reserve_io=	[ISAPNP] Exclude I/O ports for the autoconfiguration
    
    			Ranges are in pairs (I/O port base and size).
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    
    	pnp_reserve_mem=
    
    			[ISAPNP] Exclude memory regions for the
    			autoconfiguration.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    			Ranges are in pairs (memory base and size).
    
    
    	ports=		[IP_VS_FTP] IPVS ftp helper module
    			Default is 21.
    			Up to 8 (IP_VS_APP_MAX_PORTS) ports
    			may be specified.
    			Format: <port>,<port>....
    
    
    	ppc_strict_facility_enable
    			[PPC] This option catches any kernel floating point,
    			Altivec, VSX and SPE outside of regions specifically
    			allowed (eg kernel_enable_fpu()/kernel_disable_fpu()).
    			There is some performance impact when enabling this.
    
    
    Ingo Molnar's avatar
    Ingo Molnar committed
    	print-fatal-signals=
    			[KNL] debug: print fatal signals
    
    
    			If enabled, warn about various signal handling
    			related application anomalies: too many signals,
    			too many POSIX.1 timers, fatal signals causing a
    			coredump - etc.
    
    			If you hit the warning due to signal overflow,
    			you might want to try "ulimit -i unlimited".
    
    
    Ingo Molnar's avatar
    Ingo Molnar committed
    			default: off.
    
    
    	printk.always_kmsg_dump=
    			Trigger kmsg_dump for cases other than kernel oops or
    			panics
    			Format: <bool>  (1/Y/y=enable, 0/N/n=disable)
    			default: disabled
    
    
    	printk.time=	Show timing data prefixed to each printk message line
    			Format: <bool>  (1/Y/y=enable, 0/N/n=disable)
    
    
    	processor.max_cstate=	[HW,ACPI]
    			Limit processor to maximum C-state
    			max_cstate=9 overrides any DMI blacklist limit.
    
    	processor.nocst	[HW,ACPI]
    			Ignore the _CST method to determine C-states,
    			instead using the legacy FADT method
    
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	profile=	[KNL] Enable kernel profiling via /proc/profile
    
    			Format: [schedule,]<number>
    			Param: "schedule" - profile schedule points.
    			Param: <number> - step/bucket size as a power of 2 for
    				statistical time based profiling.
    
    			Param: "sleep" - profile D-state sleeping (millisecs).
    				Requires CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS
    
    			Param: "kvm" - profile VM exits.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    
    	prompt_ramdisk=	[RAM] List of RAM disks to prompt for floppy disk
    			before loading.
    
    			See Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    
    
    	psmouse.proto=	[HW,MOUSE] Highest PS2 mouse protocol extension to
    			probe for; one of (bare|imps|exps|lifebook|any).
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	psmouse.rate=	[HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse report rate, in reports
    			per second.
    
    	psmouse.resetafter=	[HW,MOUSE]
    			Try to reset the device after so many bad packets
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    			(0 = never).
    	psmouse.resolution=
    			[HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse resolution, in dpi.
    	psmouse.smartscroll=
    
    			[HW,MOUSE] Controls Logitech smartscroll autorepeat.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    			0 = disabled, 1 = enabled (default).
    
    
    	pstore.backend=	Specify the name of the pstore backend to use
    
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	pt.		[PARIDE]
    
    			See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    
    
    	pty.legacy_count=
    			[KNL] Number of legacy pty's. Overwrites compiled-in
    			default number.
    
    
    	quiet		[KNL] Disable most log messages
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	r128=		[HW,DRM]
    
    	raid=		[HW,RAID]
    			See Documentation/md.txt.
    
    	ramdisk_size=	[RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes
    
    			See Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    
    
    			In kernels built with CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU=y, set
    			the specified list of CPUs to be no-callback CPUs.
    			Invocation of these CPUs' RCU callbacks will
    
    			be offloaded to "rcuox/N" kthreads created for
    			that purpose, where "x" is "b" for RCU-bh, "p"
    			for RCU-preempt, and "s" for RCU-sched, and "N"
    			is the CPU number.  This reduces OS jitter on the
    
    			offloaded CPUs, which can be useful for HPC and
    			real-time workloads.  It can also improve energy
    			efficiency for asymmetric multiprocessors.
    
    
    			Rather than requiring that offloaded CPUs
    			(specified by rcu_nocbs= above) explicitly
    			awaken the corresponding "rcuoN" kthreads,
    			make these kthreads poll for callbacks.
    			This improves the real-time response for the
    			offloaded CPUs by relieving them of the need to
    			wake up the corresponding kthread, but degrades
    			energy efficiency by requiring that the kthreads
    			periodically wake up to do the polling.
    
    
    			Set maximum number of finished RCU callbacks to
    			process in one batch.
    
    	rcutree.dump_tree=	[KNL]
    			Dump the structure of the rcu_node combining tree
    			out at early boot.  This is used for diagnostic
    			purposes, to verify correct tree setup.
    
    
    	rcutree.gp_cleanup_delay=	[KNL]
    			Set the number of jiffies to delay each step of
    			RCU grace-period cleanup.  This only has effect
    			when CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST_SLOW_CLEANUP is set.
    
    
    	rcutree.gp_init_delay=	[KNL]
    			Set the number of jiffies to delay each step of
    			RCU grace-period initialization.  This only has
    
    			effect when CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST_SLOW_INIT
    			is set.
    
    	rcutree.gp_preinit_delay=	[KNL]
    			Set the number of jiffies to delay each step of
    			RCU grace-period pre-initialization, that is,
    			the propagation of recent CPU-hotplug changes up
    			the rcu_node combining tree.  This only has effect
    			when CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST_SLOW_PREINIT is set.
    
    	rcutree.rcu_fanout_exact= [KNL]
    			Disable autobalancing of the rcu_node combining
    			tree.  This is used by rcutorture, and might
    			possibly be useful for architectures having high
    			cache-to-cache transfer latencies.
    
    	rcutree.rcu_fanout_leaf= [KNL]
    
    			Change the number of CPUs assigned to each
    			leaf rcu_node structure.  Useful for very
    			large systems, which will choose the value 64,
    			and for NUMA systems with large remote-access
    			latencies, which will choose a value aligned
    			with the appropriate hardware boundaries.
    
    	rcutree.jiffies_till_sched_qs= [KNL]
    			Set required age in jiffies for a
    			given grace period before RCU starts
    			soliciting quiescent-state help from
    			rcu_note_context_switch().
    
    
    	rcutree.jiffies_till_first_fqs= [KNL]
    
    			Set delay from grace-period initialization to
    			first attempt to force quiescent states.
    			Units are jiffies, minimum value is zero,
    			and maximum value is HZ.
    
    
    	rcutree.jiffies_till_next_fqs= [KNL]
    
    			Set delay between subsequent attempts to force
    			quiescent states.  Units are jiffies, minimum
    			value is one, and maximum value is HZ.
    
    
    	rcutree.kthread_prio= 	 [KNL,BOOT]
    
    			Set the SCHED_FIFO priority of the RCU per-CPU
    			kthreads (rcuc/N). This value is also used for
    			the priority of the RCU boost threads (rcub/N)
    			and for the RCU grace-period kthreads (rcu_bh,
    			rcu_preempt, and rcu_sched). If RCU_BOOST is
    			set, valid values are 1-99 and the default is 1
    			(the least-favored priority).  Otherwise, when
    			RCU_BOOST is not set, valid values are 0-99 and
    			the default is zero (non-realtime operation).
    
    	rcutree.rcu_nocb_leader_stride= [KNL]
    			Set the number of NOCB kthread groups, which
    			defaults to the square root of the number of
    			CPUs.  Larger numbers reduces the wakeup overhead
    			on the per-CPU grace-period kthreads, but increases
    			that same overhead on each group's leader.
    
    
    			Set threshold of queued RCU callbacks beyond which
    			batch limiting is disabled.
    
    			Set threshold of queued RCU callbacks below which
    			batch limiting is re-enabled.
    
    	rcutree.rcu_idle_gp_delay= [KNL]
    
    			Set wakeup interval for idle CPUs that have
    			RCU callbacks (RCU_FAST_NO_HZ=y).
    
    	rcutree.rcu_idle_lazy_gp_delay= [KNL]
    
    			Set wakeup interval for idle CPUs that have
    			only "lazy" RCU callbacks (RCU_FAST_NO_HZ=y).
    			Lazy RCU callbacks are those which RCU can
    			prove do nothing more than free memory.
    
    	rcuperf.gp_exp= [KNL]
    			Measure performance of expedited synchronous
    			grace-period primitives.
    
    
    	rcuperf.holdoff= [KNL]
    			Set test-start holdoff period.  The purpose of
    			this parameter is to delay the start of the
    			test until boot completes in order to avoid
    			interference.
    
    
    	rcuperf.nreaders= [KNL]
    			Set number of RCU readers.  The value -1 selects
    			N, where N is the number of CPUs.  A value
    			"n" less than -1 selects N-n+1, where N is again
    			the number of CPUs.  For example, -2 selects N
    			(the number of CPUs), -3 selects N+1, and so on.
    			A value of "n" less than or equal to -N selects
    			a single reader.
    
    	rcuperf.nwriters= [KNL]
    			Set number of RCU writers.  The values operate
    			the same as for rcuperf.nreaders.
    			N, where N is the number of CPUs
    
    	rcuperf.perf_runnable= [BOOT]
    			Start rcuperf running at boot time.
    
    	rcuperf.shutdown= [KNL]
    			Shut the system down after performance tests
    			complete.  This is useful for hands-off automated
    			testing.
    
    	rcuperf.perf_type= [KNL]
    			Specify the RCU implementation to test.
    
    	rcuperf.verbose= [KNL]
    			Enable additional printk() statements.
    
    
    	rcutorture.cbflood_inter_holdoff= [KNL]
    			Set holdoff time (jiffies) between successive
    			callback-flood tests.
    
    	rcutorture.cbflood_intra_holdoff= [KNL]
    			Set holdoff time (jiffies) between successive
    			bursts of callbacks within a given callback-flood
    			test.
    
    	rcutorture.cbflood_n_burst= [KNL]
    			Set the number of bursts making up a given
    			callback-flood test.  Set this to zero to
    			disable callback-flood testing.
    
    	rcutorture.cbflood_n_per_burst= [KNL]
    			Set the number of callbacks to be registered
    			in a given burst of a callback-flood test.
    
    
    	rcutorture.fqs_duration= [KNL]
    
    			Set duration of force_quiescent_state bursts
    			in microseconds.
    
    	rcutorture.fqs_holdoff= [KNL]
    
    			Set holdoff time within force_quiescent_state bursts
    			in microseconds.
    
    	rcutorture.fqs_stutter= [KNL]
    
    			Set wait time between force_quiescent_state bursts
    			in seconds.
    
    	rcutorture.gp_cond= [KNL]
    			Use conditional/asynchronous update-side
    			primitives, if available.
    
    			Use expedited update-side primitives, if available.
    
    			Use normal (non-expedited) asynchronous
    			update-side primitives, if available.
    
    	rcutorture.gp_sync= [KNL]
    			Use normal (non-expedited) synchronous
    			update-side primitives, if available.  If all
    			of rcutorture.gp_cond=, rcutorture.gp_exp=,
    			rcutorture.gp_normal=, and rcutorture.gp_sync=
    			are zero, rcutorture acts as if is interpreted
    			they are all non-zero.
    
    	rcutorture.n_barrier_cbs= [KNL]
    
    			Set callbacks/threads for rcu_barrier() testing.
    
    
    	rcutorture.nfakewriters= [KNL]
    
    			Set number of concurrent RCU writers.  These just
    			stress RCU, they don't participate in the actual
    			test, hence the "fake".
    
    
    			Set number of RCU readers.  The value -1 selects
    			N-1, where N is the number of CPUs.  A value
    			"n" less than -1 selects N-n-2, where N is again
    			the number of CPUs.  For example, -2 selects N
    			(the number of CPUs), -3 selects N+1, and so on.
    
    	rcutorture.object_debug= [KNL]
    			Enable debug-object double-call_rcu() testing.
    
    	rcutorture.onoff_holdoff= [KNL]
    
    			Set time (s) after boot for CPU-hotplug testing.
    
    
    	rcutorture.onoff_interval= [KNL]
    
    			Set time (s) between CPU-hotplug operations, or
    			zero to disable CPU-hotplug testing.
    
    
    	rcutorture.shuffle_interval= [KNL]
    
    			Set task-shuffle interval (s).  Shuffling tasks
    			allows some CPUs to go into dyntick-idle mode
    			during the rcutorture test.
    
    
    	rcutorture.shutdown_secs= [KNL]
    
    			Set time (s) after boot system shutdown.  This
    			is useful for hands-off automated testing.
    
    
    	rcutorture.stall_cpu= [KNL]
    
    			Duration of CPU stall (s) to test RCU CPU stall
    			warnings, zero to disable.
    
    
    	rcutorture.stall_cpu_holdoff= [KNL]
    
    			Time to wait (s) after boot before inducing stall.
    
    
    	rcutorture.stat_interval= [KNL]
    
    			Time (s) between statistics printk()s.
    
    
    			Time (s) to stutter testing, for example, specifying
    			five seconds causes the test to run for five seconds,
    			wait for five seconds, and so on.  This tests RCU's
    			ability to transition abruptly to and from idle.
    
    
    	rcutorture.test_boost= [KNL]
    
    			Test RCU priority boosting?  0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.
    			"Maybe" means test if the RCU implementation
    			under test support RCU priority boosting.
    
    
    	rcutorture.test_boost_duration= [KNL]
    
    			Duration (s) of each individual boost test.
    
    
    	rcutorture.test_boost_interval= [KNL]
    
    			Interval (s) between each boost test.
    
    
    	rcutorture.test_no_idle_hz= [KNL]
    
    			Test RCU's dyntick-idle handling.  See also the
    			rcutorture.shuffle_interval parameter.
    
    
    	rcutorture.torture_runnable= [BOOT]
    			Start rcutorture running at boot time.
    
    
    	rcutorture.torture_type= [KNL]
    
    			Specify the RCU implementation to test.
    
    
    			Enable additional printk() statements.
    
    
    	rcupdate.rcu_cpu_stall_suppress= [KNL]
    			Suppress RCU CPU stall warning messages.
    
    	rcupdate.rcu_cpu_stall_timeout= [KNL]
    			Set timeout for RCU CPU stall warning messages.
    
    
    	rcupdate.rcu_expedited= [KNL]
    			Use expedited grace-period primitives, for
    			example, synchronize_rcu_expedited() instead
    			of synchronize_rcu().  This reduces latency,
    			but can increase CPU utilization, degrade
    			real-time latency, and degrade energy efficiency.
    
    			No effect on CONFIG_TINY_RCU kernels.
    
    	rcupdate.rcu_normal= [KNL]
    			Use only normal grace-period primitives,
    			for example, synchronize_rcu() instead of
    			synchronize_rcu_expedited().  This improves
    
    			real-time latency, CPU utilization, and
    			energy efficiency, but can expose users to
    			increased grace-period latency.  This parameter
    			overrides rcupdate.rcu_expedited.  No effect on
    			CONFIG_TINY_RCU kernels.
    
    	rcupdate.rcu_normal_after_boot= [KNL]
    			Once boot has completed (that is, after
    			rcu_end_inkernel_boot() has been invoked), use
    
    			only normal grace-period primitives.  No effect
    			on CONFIG_TINY_RCU kernels.
    
    	rcupdate.rcu_task_stall_timeout= [KNL]
    			Set timeout in jiffies for RCU task stall warning
    			messages.  Disable with a value less than or equal
    			to zero.
    
    
    	rcupdate.rcu_self_test= [KNL]
    			Run the RCU early boot self tests
    
    	rcupdate.rcu_self_test_bh= [KNL]
    			Run the RCU bh early boot self tests
    
    	rcupdate.rcu_self_test_sched= [KNL]
    			Run the RCU sched early boot self tests
    
    
    	rdinit=		[KNL]
    			Format: <full_path>
    			Run specified binary instead of /init from the ramdisk,
    			used for early userspace startup. See initrd.
    
    
    	reboot=		[KNL]
    			Format (x86 or x86_64):
    				[w[arm] | c[old] | h[ard] | s[oft] | g[pio]] \
    				[[,]s[mp]#### \
    				[[,]b[ios] | a[cpi] | k[bd] | t[riple] | e[fi] | p[ci]] \
    				[[,]f[orce]
    			Where reboot_mode is one of warm (soft) or cold (hard) or gpio,
    			      reboot_type is one of bios, acpi, kbd, triple, efi, or pci,
    			      reboot_force is either force or not specified,
    			      reboot_cpu is s[mp]#### with #### being the processor
    					to be used for rebooting.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    
    
    	relax_domain_level=
    			[KNL, SMP] Set scheduler's default relax_domain_level.
    
    	relative_sleep_states=
    			[SUSPEND] Use sleep state labeling where the deepest
    			state available other than hibernation is always "mem".
    			Format: { "0" | "1" }
    			0 -- Traditional sleep state labels.
    			1 -- Relative sleep state labels.
    
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	reserve=	[KNL,BUGS] Force the kernel to ignore some iomem area
    
    
    	reservetop=	[X86-32]
    
    			Format: nn[KMG]
    			Reserves a hole at the top of the kernel virtual
    			address space.
    
    
    	reservelow=	[X86]
    			Format: nn[K]
    			Set the amount of memory to reserve for BIOS at
    			the bottom of the address space.
    
    
    	reset_devices	[KNL] Force drivers to reset the underlying device
    			during initialization.
    
    
    	resume=		[SWSUSP]
    			Specify the partition device for software suspend
    
    			Format:
    			{/dev/<dev> | PARTUUID=<uuid> | <int>:<int> | <hex>}
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    
    
    	resume_offset=	[SWSUSP]
    			Specify the offset from the beginning of the partition
    			given by "resume=" at which the swap header is located,
    			in <PAGE_SIZE> units (needed only for swap files).
    			See  Documentation/power/swsusp-and-swap-files.txt
    
    
    	resumedelay=	[HIBERNATION] Delay (in seconds) to pause before attempting to
    			read the resume files
    
    
    	resumewait	[HIBERNATION] Wait (indefinitely) for resume device to show up.
    			Useful for devices that are detected asynchronously
    			(e.g. USB and MMC devices).
    
    
    	hibernate=	[HIBERNATION]
    		noresume	Don't check if there's a hibernation image
    				present during boot.
    		nocompress	Don't compress/decompress hibernation images.
    
    		no		Disable hibernation and resume.
    
    	retain_initrd	[RAM] Keep initrd memory after extraction
    
    
    	rfkill.default_state=
    		0	"airplane mode".  All wifi, bluetooth, wimax, gps, fm,
    			etc. communication is blocked by default.
    		1	Unblocked.
    
    	rfkill.master_switch_mode=
    		0	The "airplane mode" button does nothing.
    		1	The "airplane mode" button toggles between everything
    			blocked and the previous configuration.
    		2	The "airplane mode" button toggles between everything
    			blocked and everything unblocked.
    
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	rhash_entries=	[KNL,NET]
    			Set number of hash buckets for route cache
    
    	ro		[KNL] Mount root device read-only on boot
    
    
    	rodata=		[KNL]
    		on	Mark read-only kernel memory as read-only (default).
    		off	Leave read-only kernel memory writable for debugging.
    
    
    	rockchip.usb_uart
    			Enable the uart passthrough on the designated usb port
    			on Rockchip SoCs. When active, the signals of the
    			debug-uart get routed to the D+ and D- pins of the usb
    			port and the regular usb controller gets disabled.
    
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	root=		[KNL] Root filesystem
    
    			See name_to_dev_t comment in init/do_mounts.c.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    
    	rootdelay=	[KNL] Delay (in seconds) to pause before attempting to
    			mount the root filesystem
    
    	rootflags=	[KNL] Set root filesystem mount option string
    
    	rootfstype=	[KNL] Set root filesystem type
    
    
    	rootwait	[KNL] Wait (indefinitely) for root device to show up.
    			Useful for devices that are detected asynchronously
    			(e.g. USB and MMC devices).
    
    
    	rproc_mem=nn[KMG][@address]
    			[KNL,ARM,CMA] Remoteproc physical memory block.
    			Memory area to be used by remote processor image,
    			managed by CMA.
    
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	rw		[KNL] Mount root device read-write on boot
    
    	S		[KNL] Run init in single mode
    
    
    	s390_iommu=	[HW,S390]
    			Set s390 IOTLB flushing mode
    		strict
    			With strict flushing every unmap operation will result in
    			an IOTLB flush. Default is lazy flushing before reuse,
    			which is faster.
    
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	sa1100ir	[NET]
    			See drivers/net/irda/sa1100_ir.c.
    
    	sbni=		[NET] Granch SBNI12 leased line adapter
    
    	sched_debug	[KNL] Enables verbose scheduler debug messages.
    
    
    	schedstats=	[KNL,X86] Enable or disable scheduled statistics.
    			Allowed values are enable and disable. This feature
    			incurs a small amount of overhead in the scheduler
    			but is useful for debugging and performance tuning.
    
    	skew_tick=	[KNL] Offset the periodic timer tick per cpu to mitigate
    			xtime_lock contention on larger systems, and/or RCU lock
    			contention on all systems with CONFIG_MAXSMP set.
    			Format: { "0" | "1" }
    			0 -- disable. (may be 1 via CONFIG_CMDLINE="skew_tick=1"
    			1 -- enable.
    			Note: increases power consumption, thus should only be
    			enabled if running jitter sensitive (HPC/RT) workloads.
    
    
    	security=	[SECURITY] Choose a security module to enable at boot.
    			If this boot parameter is not specified, only the first
    			security module asking for security registration will be
    			loaded. An invalid security module name will be treated
    			as if no module has been chosen.
    
    	selinux=	[SELINUX] Disable or enable SELinux at boot time.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    			Format: { "0" | "1" }
    			See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
    			0 -- disable.
    			1 -- enable.
    			Default value is set via kernel config option.
    			If enabled at boot time, /selinux/disable can be used
    			later to disable prior to initial policy load.
    
    
    	apparmor=	[APPARMOR] Disable or enable AppArmor at boot time
    			Format: { "0" | "1" }
    			See security/apparmor/Kconfig help text
    			0 -- disable.
    			1 -- enable.
    			Default value is set via kernel config option.
    
    
    	serialnumber	[BUGS=X86-32]
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    
    	shapers=	[NET]
    			Maximal number of shapers.
    
    Yinghai Lu's avatar
    Yinghai Lu committed
    	show_msr=	[x86] show boot-time MSR settings
    			Format: { <integer> }
    			Show boot-time (BIOS-initialized) MSR settings.
    			The parameter means the number of CPUs to show,
    			for example 1 means boot CPU only.
    
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	simeth=		[IA-64]
    	simscsi=
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	slram=		[HW,MTD]
    
    
    	slab_nomerge	[MM]
    			Disable merging of slabs with similar size. May be
    			necessary if there is some reason to distinguish
    			allocs to different slabs. Debug options disable
    			merging on their own.
    			For more information see Documentation/vm/slub.txt.
    
    
    	slab_max_order=	[MM, SLAB]
    			Determines the maximum allowed order for slabs.
    			A high setting may cause OOMs due to memory
    			fragmentation.  Defaults to 1 for systems with
    			more than 32MB of RAM, 0 otherwise.
    
    
    	slub_debug[=options[,slabs]]	[MM, SLUB]
    			Enabling slub_debug allows one to determine the
    			culprit if slab objects become corrupted. Enabling
    			slub_debug can create guard zones around objects and
    			may poison objects when not in use. Also tracks the
    			last alloc / free. For more information see
    			Documentation/vm/slub.txt.
    
    
    	slub_max_order= [MM, SLUB]
    
    			Determines the maximum allowed order for slabs.
    			A high setting may cause OOMs due to memory
    			fragmentation. For more information see
    			Documentation/vm/slub.txt.
    
    
    	slub_min_objects=	[MM, SLUB]
    
    			The minimum number of objects per slab. SLUB will
    			increase the slab order up to slub_max_order to
    			generate a sufficiently large slab able to contain
    			the number of objects indicated. The higher the number
    			of objects the smaller the overhead of tracking slabs
    			and the less frequently locks need to be acquired.
    
    			For more information see Documentation/vm/slub.txt.
    
    	slub_min_order=	[MM, SLUB]
    
    			Determines the minimum page order for slabs. Must be
    
    			lower than slub_max_order.
    
    			For more information see Documentation/vm/slub.txt.
    
    	slub_nomerge	[MM, SLUB]
    
    			Same with slab_nomerge. This is supported for legacy.
    			See slab_nomerge for more information.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	smart2=		[HW]
    			Format: <io1>[,<io2>[,...,<io8>]]
    
    
    	smsc-ircc2.nopnp	[HW] Don't use PNP to discover SMC devices
    	smsc-ircc2.ircc_cfg=	[HW] Device configuration I/O port
    	smsc-ircc2.ircc_sir=	[HW] SIR base I/O port
    	smsc-ircc2.ircc_fir=	[HW] FIR base I/O port
    	smsc-ircc2.ircc_irq=	[HW] IRQ line
    	smsc-ircc2.ircc_dma=	[HW] DMA channel
    	smsc-ircc2.ircc_transceiver= [HW] Transceiver type:
    				0: Toshiba Satellite 1800 (GP data pin select)
    				1: Fast pin select (default)
    				2: ATC IRMode
    
    
    	smt		[KNL,S390] Set the maximum number of threads (logical
    			CPUs) to use per physical CPU on systems capable of
    			symmetric multithreading (SMT). Will be capped to the
    			actual hardware limit.
    			Format: <integer>
    			Default: -1 (no limit)
    
    
    	softlockup_panic=
    			[KNL] Should the soft-lockup detector generate panics.
    
    			Format: <integer>
    
    	softlockup_all_cpu_backtrace=
    			[KNL] Should the soft-lockup detector generate
    			backtraces on all cpus.
    			Format: <integer>
    
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	sonypi.*=	[HW] Sony Programmable I/O Control Device driver
    
    Paul Bolle's avatar
    Paul Bolle committed
    			See Documentation/laptops/sonypi.txt
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    
    	spia_io_base=	[HW,MTD]
    	spia_fio_base=
    	spia_pedr=
    	spia_peddr=
    
    
    	stacktrace	[FTRACE]
    			Enabled the stack tracer on boot up.
    
    
    	stacktrace_filter=[function-list]
    			[FTRACE] Limit the functions that the stack tracer
    			will trace at boot up. function-list is a comma separated
    			list of functions. This list can be changed at run
    			time by the stack_trace_filter file in the debugfs
    			tracing directory. Note, this enables stack tracing
    			and the stacktrace above is not needed.
    
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	sti=		[PARISC,HW]
    			Format: <num>
    			Set the STI (builtin display/keyboard on the HP-PARISC
    			machines) console (graphic card) which should be used
    			as the initial boot-console.
    			See also comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
    
    	sti_font=	[HW]
    			See comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
    
    	stifb=		[HW]
    			Format: bpp:<bpp1>[:<bpp2>[:<bpp3>...]]
    
    
    	sunrpc.min_resvport=
    	sunrpc.max_resvport=
    			[NFS,SUNRPC]
    			SunRPC servers often require that client requests
    			originate from a privileged port (i.e. a port in the
    			range 0 < portnr < 1024).
    			An administrator who wishes to reserve some of these
    			ports for other uses may adjust the range that the
    			kernel's sunrpc client considers to be privileged
    			using these two parameters to set the minimum and
    			maximum port values.
    
    
    	sunrpc.pool_mode=
    			[NFS]
    			Control how the NFS server code allocates CPUs to
    			service thread pools.  Depending on how many NICs
    			you have and where their interrupts are bound, this
    			option will affect which CPUs will do NFS serving.
    			Note: this parameter cannot be changed while the
    			NFS server is running.
    
    			auto	    the server chooses an appropriate mode
    				    automatically using heuristics
    			global	    a single global pool contains all CPUs
    			percpu	    one pool for each CPU
    			pernode	    one pool for each NUMA node (equivalent
    				    to global on non-NUMA machines)
    
    
    	sunrpc.tcp_slot_table_entries=
    	sunrpc.udp_slot_table_entries=
    			[NFS,SUNRPC]
    			Sets the upper limit on the number of simultaneous
    			RPC calls that can be sent from the client to a
    			server. Increasing these values may allow you to
    			improve throughput, but will also increase the
    			amount of memory reserved for use by the client.
    
    
    	suspend.pm_test_delay=
    			[SUSPEND]
    			Sets the number of seconds to remain in a suspend test
    			mode before resuming the system (see
    			/sys/power/pm_test). Only available when CONFIG_PM_DEBUG
    			is set. Default value is 5.
    
    
    	swapaccount=[0|1]
    
    			[KNL] Enable accounting of swap in memory resource
    			controller if no parameter or 1 is given or disable
    			it if 0 is given (See Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt)
    
    
    Jiri Kosina's avatar
    Jiri Kosina committed
    	swiotlb=	[ARM,IA-64,PPC,MIPS,X86]
    			Format: { <int> | force }
    			<int> -- Number of I/O TLB slabs
    			force -- force using of bounce buffers even if they
    			         wouldn't be automatically used by the kernel
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	switches=	[HW,M68k]
    
    
    	sysfs.deprecated=0|1 [KNL]
    			Enable/disable old style sysfs layout for old udev
    			on older distributions. When this option is enabled
    			very new udev will not work anymore. When this option
    			is disabled (or CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED not compiled)
    			in older udev will not work anymore.
    			Default depends on CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED_V2 set in
    			the kernel configuration.
    
    
    	sysrq_always_enabled
    			[KNL]
    			Ignore sysrq setting - this boot parameter will
    			neutralize any effect of /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq.
    			Useful for debugging.
    
    
    	tcpmhash_entries= [KNL,NET]
    			Set the number of tcp_metrics_hash slots.
    			Default value is 8192 or 16384 depending on total
    			ram pages. This is used to specify the TCP metrics
    			cache size. See Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
    			"tcp_no_metrics_save" section for more details.
    
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	tdfx=		[HW,DRM]
    
    
    	test_suspend=	[SUSPEND][,N]
    
    			Specify "mem" (for Suspend-to-RAM) or "standby" (for
    
    			standby suspend) or "freeze" (for suspend type freeze)
    			as the system sleep state during system startup with
    			the optional capability to repeat N number of times.
    			The system is woken from this state using a
    			wakeup-capable RTC alarm.
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	thash_entries=	[KNL,NET]
    			Set number of hash buckets for TCP connection
    
    
    	thermal.act=	[HW,ACPI]
    			-1: disable all active trip points in all thermal zones
    			<degrees C>: override all lowest active trip points
    
    
    	thermal.crt=	[HW,ACPI]
    			-1: disable all critical trip points in all thermal zones
    
    			<degrees C>: override all critical trip points
    
    	thermal.nocrt=	[HW,ACPI]
    			Set to disable actions on ACPI thermal zone
    			critical and hot trip points.
    
    
    	thermal.off=	[HW,ACPI]
    			1: disable ACPI thermal control
    
    
    	thermal.psv=	[HW,ACPI]
    			-1: disable all passive trip points
    
    			<degrees C>: override all passive trip points to this
    			value
    
    	thermal.tzp=	[HW,ACPI]
    			Specify global default ACPI thermal zone polling rate
    			<deci-seconds>: poll all this frequency
    			0: no polling (default)
    
    
    	threadirqs	[KNL]
    			Force threading of all interrupt handlers except those
    
    			marked explicitly IRQF_NO_THREAD.
    
    	tmem		[KNL,XEN]
    			Enable the Transcendent memory driver if built-in.
    
    	tmem.cleancache=0|1 [KNL, XEN]
    			Default is on (1). Disable the usage of the cleancache
    			API to send anonymous pages to the hypervisor.
    
    	tmem.frontswap=0|1 [KNL, XEN]
    			Default is on (1). Disable the usage of the frontswap
    
    			API to send swap pages to the hypervisor. If disabled
    			the selfballooning and selfshrinking are force disabled.
    
    
    	tmem.selfballooning=0|1 [KNL, XEN]
    			Default is on (1). Disable the driving of swap pages
    			to the hypervisor.
    
    	tmem.selfshrinking=0|1 [KNL, XEN]
    			Default is on (1). Partial swapoff that immediately
    			transfers pages from Xen hypervisor back to the
    			kernel based on different criteria.
    
    
    	topology=	[S390]
    			Format: {off | on}
    			Specify if the kernel should make use of the cpu
    
    			topology information if the hardware supports this.
    			The scheduler will make use of this information and
    
    			e.g. base its process migration decisions on it.
    
    			Default is on.
    
    	topology_updates= [KNL, PPC, NUMA]
    			Format: {off}
    			Specify if the kernel should ignore (off)
    			topology updates sent by the hypervisor to this
    			LPAR.
    
    
    Linus Torvalds's avatar
    Linus Torvalds committed
    	tp720=		[HW,PS2]
    
    
    	tpm_suspend_pcr=[HW,TPM]
    			Format: integer pcr id
    			Specify that at suspend time, the tpm driver
    			should extend the specified pcr with zeros,
    			as a workaround for some chips which fail to
    			flush the last written pcr on TPM_SaveState.
    			This will guarantee that all the other pcrs
    			are saved.
    
    
    	trace_buf_size=nn[KMG]
    
    			[FTRACE] will set tracing buffer size on each cpu.
    
    	trace_event=[event-list]
    			[FTRACE] Set and start specified trace events in order