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- Jul 01, 2022
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David Gow authored
Most in-kernel tests (such as KUnit tests) are not supposed to run on production systems: they may do deliberately illegal things to trigger errors, and have security implications (for example, KUnit assertions will often deliberately leak kernel addresses). Add a new taint type, TAINT_TEST to signal that a test has been run. This will be printed as 'N' (originally for kuNit, as every other sensible letter was taken.) This should discourage people from running these tests on production systems, and to make it easier to tell if tests have been run accidentally (by loading the wrong configuration, etc.) Acked-by:
Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org> Reviewed-by:
Brendan Higgins <brendanhiggins@google.com> Signed-off-by:
David Gow <davidgow@google.com> Signed-off-by:
Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org>
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- May 08, 2022
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Kees Cook authored
In preparation for Clang supporting randstruct, reorganize the Kconfigs, move the attribute macros, and generalize the feature to be named CONFIG_RANDSTRUCT for on/off, CONFIG_RANDSTRUCT_FULL for the full randomization mode, and CONFIG_RANDSTRUCT_PERFORMANCE for the cache-line sized mode. Cc: linux-hardening@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by:
Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220503205503.3054173-4-keescook@chromium.org
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- Apr 22, 2022
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John Ogness authored
Once kthread printing is available, console printing will no longer occur in the context of the printk caller. However, there are some special contexts where it is desirable for the printk caller to directly print out kernel messages. Using pr_flush() to wait for threaded printers is only possible if the caller is in a sleepable context and the kthreads are active. That is not always the case. Introduce printk_prefer_direct_enter() and printk_prefer_direct_exit() functions to explicitly (and globally) activate/deactivate preferred direct console printing. The term "direct console printing" refers to printing to all enabled consoles from the context of the printk caller. The term "prefer" is used because this type of printing is only best effort. If the console is currently locked or other printers are already actively printing, the printk caller will need to rely on the other contexts to handle the printing. This preferred direct printing is how all printing has been handled until now (unless it was explicitly deferred). When kthread printing is introduced, there may be some unanticipated problems due to kthreads being unable to flush important messages. In order to minimize such risks, preferred direct printing is activated for the primary important messages when the system experiences general types of major errors. These are: - emergency reboot/shutdown - cpu and rcu stalls - hard and soft lockups - hung tasks - warn - sysrq Note that since kthread printing does not yet exist, no behavior changes result from this commit. This is only implementing the counter and marking the various places where preferred direct printing is active. Signed-off-by:
John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by:
Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com> Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> # for RCU Signed-off-by:
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- Apr 06, 2022
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tangmeng authored
kernel/sysctl.c is a kitchen sink where everyone leaves their dirty dishes, this makes it very difficult to maintain. To help with this maintenance let's start by moving sysctls to places where they actually belong. The proc sysctl maintainers do not want to know what sysctl knobs you wish to add for your own piece of code, we just care about the core logic. All filesystem syctls now get reviewed by fs folks. This commit follows the commit of fs, move the oops_all_cpu_backtrace sysctl to its own file, kernel/panic.c. Signed-off-by:
tangmeng <tangmeng@uniontech.com> Signed-off-by:
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- Mar 24, 2022
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Guilherme G. Piccoli authored
The panic_print setting allows users to collect more information in a panic event, like memory stats, tasks, CPUs backtraces, etc. This is an interesting debug mechanism, but currently the print event happens *after* kmsg_dump(), meaning that pstore, for example, cannot collect a dmesg with the panic_print extra information. This patch changes that in 2 steps: (a) The panic_print setting allows to replay the existing kernel log buffer to the console (bit 5), besides the extra information dump. This functionality makes sense only at the end of the panic() function. So, we hereby allow to distinguish the two situations by a new boolean parameter in the function panic_print_sys_info(). (b) With the above change, we can safely call panic_print_sys_info() before kmsg_dump(), allowing to dump the extra information when using pstore or other kmsg dumpers. The additional messages from panic_print could overwrite the oldest messages when the buffer is full. The only reasonable solution is to use a large enough log buffer, hence we added an advice into the kernel parameters documentation about that. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220214141308.841525-1-gpiccoli@igalia.com Signed-off-by:Guilherme G. Piccoli <gpiccoli@igalia.com> Acked-by:
Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Reviewed-by:
Sergey Senozhatsky <senozhatsky@chromium.org> Cc: Feng Tang <feng.tang@intel.com> Signed-off-by:
Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by:
Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Guilherme G. Piccoli authored
Currently the "panic_print" parameter/sysctl allows some interesting debug information to be printed during a panic event. This is useful for example in cases the user cannot kdump due to resource limits, or if the user collects panic logs in a serial output (or pstore) and prefers a fast reboot instead of a kdump. Happens that currently there's no way to see all CPUs backtraces in a panic using "panic_print" on architectures that support that. We do have "oops_all_cpu_backtrace" sysctl, but although partially overlapping in the functionality, they are orthogonal in nature: "panic_print" is a panic tuning (and we have panics without oopses, like direct calls to panic() or maybe other paths that don't go through oops_enter() function), and the original purpose of "oops_all_cpu_backtrace" is to provide more information on oopses for cases in which the users desire to continue running the kernel even after an oops, i.e., used in non-panic scenarios. So, we hereby introduce an additional bit for "panic_print" to allow dumping the CPUs backtraces during a panic event. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211109202848.610874-3-gpiccoli@igalia.com Signed-off-by:
Feng Tang <feng.tang@intel.com> Cc: Iurii Zaikin <yzaikin@google.com> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org> Cc: Samuel Iglesias Gonsalvez <siglesias@igalia.com> Signed-off-by:
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Tiezhu Yang authored
In the current code, the following three places need to unset panic_on_warn before calling panic() to avoid recursive panics: kernel/kcsan/report.c: print_report() kernel/sched/core.c: __schedule_bug() mm/kfence/report.c: kfence_report_error() In order to avoid copy-pasting "panic_on_warn = 0" all over the places, it is better to move it inside panic() and then remove it from the other places. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1644324666-15947-4-git-send-email-yangtiezhu@loongson.cn Signed-off-by:
Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn> Reviewed-by:
Marco Elver <elver@google.com> Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com> Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Xuefeng Li <lixuefeng@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by:
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- Jan 20, 2022
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Sebastian Andrzej Siewior authored
The oops id has been added as part of the end of trace marker for the kerneloops.org project. The id is used to automatically identify duplicate submissions of the same report. Identical looking reports with different a id can be considered as the same oops occurred again. The early initialisation of the oops_id can create a warning if the random core is not yet fully initialized. On PREEMPT_RT it is problematic if the id is initialized on demand from non preemptible context. The kernel oops project is not available since 2017. Remove the oops_id and use 0 in the output in case parser rely on it. Link: https://bugs.debian.org/953172 Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/Ybdi16aP2NEugWHq@linutronix.de Signed-off-by:
Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de> Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by:
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Marco Elver authored
Introduce the error detector "warning" to the error_report event and use the error_report_end tracepoint at the end of a warning report. This allows in-kernel tests but also userspace to more easily determine if a warning occurred without polling kernel logs. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: add comma to enum list, per Andy] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211115085630.1756817-1-elver@google.com Signed-off-by:
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- Jul 26, 2021
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John Ogness authored
With @logbuf_lock removed, the high level printk functions for storing messages are lockless. Messages can be stored from any context, so there is no need for the NMI and safe buffers anymore. Remove the NMI and safe buffers. Although the safe buffers are removed, the NMI and safe context tracking is still in place. In these contexts, store the message immediately but still use irq_work to defer the console printing. Since printk recursion tracking is in place, safe context tracking for most of printk is not needed. Remove it. Only safe context tracking relating to the console and console_owner locks is left in place. This is because the console and console_owner locks are needed for the actual printing. Signed-off-by:
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- Jul 01, 2021
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Andy Shevchenko authored
kernel.h is being used as a dump for all kinds of stuff for a long time. Here is the attempt to start cleaning it up by splitting out panic and oops helpers. There are several purposes of doing this: - dropping dependency in bug.h - dropping a loop by moving out panic_notifier.h - unload kernel.h from something which has its own domain At the same time convert users tree-wide to use new headers, although for the time being include new header back to kernel.h to avoid twisted indirected includes for existing users. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: thread_info.h needs limits.h] [andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com: ia64 fix] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210520130557.55277-1-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210511074137.33666-1-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com Signed-off-by:
Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by:
Bjorn Andersson <bjorn.andersson@linaro.org> Co-developed-by:
Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by:
Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com> Acked-by:
Christian Brauner <christian.brauner@ubuntu.com> Acked-by:
Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Acked-by:
Wei Liu <wei.liu@kernel.org> Acked-by:
Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk> Signed-off-by:
Sebastian Reichel <sre@kernel.org> Acked-by:
Stephen Boyd <sboyd@kernel.org> Acked-by:
Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de> Acked-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> # parisc Signed-off-by:
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- Nov 14, 2020
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Christophe Leroy authored
Before commit 3f388f28 ("panic: dump registers on panic_on_warn"), __warn() was calling show_regs() when regs was not NULL, and show_stack() otherwise. After that commit, show_stack() is called regardless of whether show_regs() has been called or not, leading to duplicated Call Trace: ------------[ cut here ]------------ WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 1 at arch/powerpc/mm/nohash/8xx.c:186 mmu_mark_initmem_nx+0x24/0x94 CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper Not tainted 5.10.0-rc2-s3k-dev-01375-gf46ec0d3ecbd-dirty #4092 NIP: c00128b4 LR: c0010228 CTR: 00000000 REGS: c9023e40 TRAP: 0700 Not tainted (5.10.0-rc2-s3k-dev-01375-gf46ec0d3ecbd-dirty) MSR: 00029032 <EE,ME,IR,DR,RI> CR: 24000424 XER: 00000000 GPR00: c0010228 c9023ef8 c2100000 0074c000 ffffffff 00000000 c2151000 c07b3880 GPR08: ff000900 0074c000 c8000000 c33b53a8 24000822 00000000 c0003a20 00000000 GPR16: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 GPR24: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00800000 NIP [c00128b4] mmu_mark_initmem_nx+0x24/0x94 LR [c0010228] free_initmem+0x20/0x58 Call Trace: free_initmem+0x20/0x58 kernel_init+0x1c/0x114 ret_from_kernel_thread+0x14/0x1c Instruction dump: 7d291850 7d234b78 4e800020 9421ffe0 7c0802a6 bfc10018 3fe0c060 3bff0000 3fff4080 3bffffff 90010024 57ff0010 <0fe00000> 392001cd 7c3e0b78 953e0008 CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper Not tainted 5.10.0-rc2-s3k-dev-01375-gf46ec0d3ecbd-dirty #4092 Call Trace: __warn+0x8c/0xd8 (unreliable) report_bug+0x11c/0x154 program_check_exception+0x1dc/0x6e0 ret_from_except_full+0x0/0x4 --- interrupt: 700 at mmu_mark_initmem_nx+0x24/0x94 LR = free_initmem+0x20/0x58 free_initmem+0x20/0x58 kernel_init+0x1c/0x114 ret_from_kernel_thread+0x14/0x1c ---[ end trace 31702cd2a9570752 ]--- Only call show_stack() when regs is NULL. Fixes: 3f388f28 ("panic: dump registers on panic_on_warn") Signed-off-by:
Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu> Signed-off-by:
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- Oct 16, 2020
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Alexey Kardashevskiy authored
Currently we print stack and registers for ordinary warnings but we do not for panic_on_warn which looks as oversight - panic() will reboot the machine but won't print registers. This moves printing of registers and modules earlier. This does not move the stack dumping as panic() dumps it. Signed-off-by:
Alexey Kardashevskiy <aik@ozlabs.ru> Signed-off-by:
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- Aug 12, 2020
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Yue Hu authored
Since print_oops_end_marker() is not used externally, also remove it in kernel.h at the same time. Signed-off-by:
Yue Hu <huyue2@yulong.com> Signed-off-by:
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Tiezhu Yang authored
The return value of oops_may_print() is true or false, so change its type to reflect that. Signed-off-by:
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- Jun 11, 2020
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Thomas Gleixner authored
Warnings, bugs and stack protection fails from noinstr sections, e.g. low level and early entry code, are likely to be fatal. Mark them as "safe" to be invoked from noinstr protected code to avoid annotating all usage sites. Getting the information out is important. Signed-off-by:
Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by:
Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com> Acked-by:
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200505134100.376598577@linutronix.de
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- Jun 08, 2020
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Guilherme G. Piccoli authored
Usually when the kernel reaches an oops condition, it's a point of no return; in case not enough debug information is available in the kernel splat, one of the last resorts would be to collect a kernel crash dump and analyze it. The problem with this approach is that in order to collect the dump, a panic is required (to kexec-load the crash kernel). When in an environment of multiple virtual machines, users may prefer to try living with the oops, at least until being able to properly shutdown their VMs / finish their important tasks. This patch implements a way to collect a bit more debug details when an oops event is reached, by printing all the CPUs backtraces through the usage of NMIs (on architectures that support that). The sysctl added (and documented) here was called "oops_all_cpu_backtrace", and when set will (as the name suggests) dump all CPUs backtraces. Far from ideal, this may be the last option though for users that for some reason cannot panic on oops. Most of times oopses are clear enough to indicate the kernel portion that must be investigated, but in virtual environments it's possible to observe hypervisor/KVM issues that could lead to oopses shown in other guests CPUs (like virtual APIC crashes). This patch hence aims to help debug such complex issues without resorting to kdump. Signed-off-by:
Guilherme G. Piccoli <gpiccoli@canonical.com> Signed-off-by:
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Rafael Aquini authored
Analogously to the introduction of panic_on_warn, this patch introduces a kernel option named panic_on_taint in order to provide a simple and generic way to stop execution and catch a coredump when the kernel gets tainted by any given flag. This is useful for debugging sessions as it avoids having to rebuild the kernel to explicitly add calls to panic() into the code sites that introduce the taint flags of interest. For instance, if one is interested in proceeding with a post-mortem analysis at the point a given code path is hitting a bad page (i.e. unaccount_page_cache_page(), or slab_bug()), a coredump can be collected by rebooting the kernel with 'panic_on_taint=0x20' amended to the command line. Another, perhaps less frequent, use for this option would be as a means for assuring a security policy case where only a subset of taints, or no single taint (in paranoid mode), is allowed for the running system. The optional switch 'nousertaint' is handy in this particular scenario, as it will avoid userspace induced crashes by writes to sysctl interface /proc/sys/kernel/tainted causing false positive hits for such policies. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak kernel-parameters.txt wording] Suggested-by:
Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw> Signed-off-by:
Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com> Signed-off-by:
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- Nov 25, 2019
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Will Deacon authored
'refcount_error_report()' has no callers. Remove it. Signed-off-by:
Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Reviewed-by:
Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org> Acked-by:
Hanjun Guo <guohanjun@huawei.com> Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org> Cc: Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@intel.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191121115902.2551-10-will@kernel.org Signed-off-by:
Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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- Oct 07, 2019
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Will Deacon authored
Calling 'panic()' on a kernel with CONFIG_PREEMPT=y can leave the calling CPU in an infinite loop, but with interrupts and preemption enabled. From this state, userspace can continue to be scheduled, despite the system being "dead" as far as the kernel is concerned. This is easily reproducible on arm64 when booting with "nosmp" on the command line; a couple of shell scripts print out a periodic "Ping" message whilst another triggers a crash by writing to /proc/sysrq-trigger: | sysrq: Trigger a crash | Kernel panic - not syncing: sysrq triggered crash | CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: init Not tainted 5.2.15 #1 | Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) | Call trace: | dump_backtrace+0x0/0x148 | show_stack+0x14/0x20 | dump_stack+0xa0/0xc4 | panic+0x140/0x32c | sysrq_handle_reboot+0x0/0x20 | __handle_sysrq+0x124/0x190 | write_sysrq_trigger+0x64/0x88 | proc_reg_write+0x60/0xa8 | __vfs_write+0x18/0x40 | vfs_write+0xa4/0x1b8 | ksys_write+0x64/0xf0 | __arm64_sys_write+0x14/0x20 | el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0xb0/0x168 | el0_svc_handler+0x28/0x78 | el0_svc+0x8/0xc | Kernel Offset: disabled | CPU features: 0x0002,24002004 | Memory Limit: none | ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: sysrq triggered crash ]--- | Ping 2! | Ping 1! | Ping 1! | Ping 2! The issue can also be triggered on x86 kernels if CONFIG_SMP=n, otherwise local interrupts are disabled in 'smp_send_stop()'. Disable preemption in 'panic()' before re-enabling interrupts. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191002123538.22609-1-will@kernel.org Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/BX1W47JXPMR8.58IYW53H6M5N@dragonstone Signed-off-by:
Xogium <contact@xogium.me> Reviewed-by:
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- Sep 26, 2019
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Kees Cook authored
Instead of having separate tests for __WARN_FLAGS, merge the two #ifdef blocks and replace the synonym WANT_WARN_ON_SLOWPATH macro. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190819234111.9019-7-keescook@chromium.org Signed-off-by:
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Kees Cook authored
In preparation for cleaning up "cut here", move the "cut here" logic up out of __warn() and into callers that pass non-NULL args. For anyone looking closely, there are two callers that pass NULL args: one already explicitly prints "cut here". The remaining case is covered by how a WARN is built, which will be cleaned up in the next patch. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190819234111.9019-5-keescook@chromium.org Signed-off-by:
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Kees Cook authored
Instead of having a separate helper for no printk output, just consolidate the logic into warn_slowpath_fmt(). Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190819234111.9019-4-keescook@chromium.org Signed-off-by:
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Kees Cook authored
Patch series "Clean up WARN() "cut here" handling", v2. Christophe Leroy noticed that the fix for missing "cut here" in the WARN() case was adding explicit printk() calls instead of teaching the exception handler to add it. This refactors the bug/warn infrastructure to pass this information as a new BUGFLAG. Longer details repeated from the last patch in the series: bug: move WARN_ON() "cut here" into exception handler The original cleanup of "cut here" missed the WARN_ON() case (that does not have a printk message), which was fixed recently by adding an explicit printk of "cut here". This had the downside of adding a printk() to every WARN_ON() caller, which reduces the utility of using an instruction exception to streamline the resulting code. By making this a new BUGFLAG, all of these can be removed and "cut here" can be handled by the exception handler. This was very pronounced on PowerPC, but the effect can be seen on x86 as well. The resulting text size of a defconfig build shows some small savings from this patch: text data bss dec hex filename 19691167 5134320 1646664 26472151 193eed7 vmlinux.before 19676362 5134260 1663048 26473670 193f4c6 vmlinux.after This change also opens the door for creating something like BUG_MSG(), where a custom printk() before issuing BUG(), without confusing the "cut here" line. This patch (of 7): There's no reason to have specialized helpers for passing the warn taint down to __warn(). Consolidate and refactor helper macros, removing __WARN_printf() and warn_slowpath_fmt_taint(). Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190819234111.9019-2-keescook@chromium.org Signed-off-by:
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Douglas Anderson authored
Right now kgdb/kdb hooks up to debug panics by registering for the panic notifier. This works OK except that it means that kgdb/kdb gets called _after_ the CPUs in the system are taken offline. That means that if anything important was happening on those CPUs (like something that might have contributed to the panic) you can't debug them. Specifically I ran into a case where I got a panic because a task was "blocked for more than 120 seconds" which was detected on CPU 2. I nicely got shown stack traces in the kernel log for all CPUs including CPU 0, which was running 'PID: 111 Comm: kworker/0:1H' and was in the middle of __mmc_switch(). I then ended up at the kdb prompt where switched over to kgdb to try to look at local variables of the process on CPU 0. I found that I couldn't. Digging more, I found that I had no info on any tasks running on CPUs other than CPU 2 and that asking kdb for help showed me "Error: no saved data for this cpu". This was because all the CPUs were offline. Let's move the entry of kdb/kgdb to a direct call from panic() and stop using the generic notifier. Putting a direct call in allows us to order things more properly and it also doesn't seem like we're breaking any abstractions by calling into the debugger from the panic function. Daniel said: : This patch changes the way kdump and kgdb interact with each other. : However it would seem rather odd to have both tools simultaneously armed : and, even if they were, the user still has the option to use panic_timeout : to force a kdump to happen. Thus I think the change of order is : acceptable. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190703170354.217312-1-dianders@chromium.org Signed-off-by:
Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org> Reviewed-by:
Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> Cc: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Feng Tang <feng.tang@intel.com> Cc: YueHaibing <yuehaibing@huawei.com> Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky.work@gmail.com> Cc: "Steven Rostedt (VMware)" <rostedt@goodmis.org> Signed-off-by:
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- Jul 15, 2019
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Mauro Carvalho Chehab authored
The stuff under sysctl describes /sys interface from userspace point of view. So, add it to the admin-guide and remove the :orphan: from its index file. Signed-off-by:Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
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Mauro Carvalho Chehab authored
Rename the /proc/sys/ documentation files to ReST, using the README file as a template for an index.rst, adding the other files there via TOC markup. Despite being written on different times with different styles, try to make them somewhat coherent with a similar look and feel, ensuring that they'll look nice as both raw text file and as via the html output produced by the Sphinx build system. At its new index.rst, let's add a :orphan: while this is not linked to the main index.rst file, in order to avoid build warnings. Signed-off-by:
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- May 21, 2019
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Thomas Gleixner authored
Add SPDX license identifiers to all files which: - Have no license information of any form - Have EXPORT_.*_SYMBOL_GPL inside which was used in the initial scan/conversion to ignore the file These files fall under the project license, GPL v2 only. The resulting SPDX license identifier is: GPL-2.0-only Signed-off-by:
Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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- May 18, 2019
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Feng Tang authored
Currently on panic, kernel will lower the loglevel and print out pending printk msg only with console_flush_on_panic(). Add an option for users to configure the "panic_print" to replay all dmesg in buffer, some of which they may have never seen due to the loglevel setting, which will help panic debugging . [feng.tang@intel.com: keep the original console_flush_on_panic() inside panic()] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1556199137-14163-1-git-send-email-feng.tang@intel.com [feng.tang@intel.com: use logbuf lock to protect the console log index] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1556269868-22654-1-git-send-email-feng.tang@intel.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1556095872-36838-1-git-send-email-feng.tang@intel.com Signed-off-by:
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- May 15, 2019
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Aaro Koskinen authored
Allow specifying reboot_mode for panic only. This is needed on systems where ramoops is used to store panic logs, and user wants to use warm reset to preserve those, while still having cold reset on normal reboots. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190322004735.27702-1-aaro.koskinen@iki.fi Signed-off-by:
Aaro Koskinen <aaro.koskinen@nokia.com> Reviewed-by:
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Feng Tang authored
When kernel panic happens, it will first print the panic call stack, then the ending msg like: [ 35.743249] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception [ 35.749975] ------------[ cut here ]------------ The above message are very useful for debugging. But if system is configured to not reboot on panic, say the "panic_timeout" parameter equals 0, it will likely print out many noisy message like WARN() call stack for each and every CPU except the panic one, messages like below: WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 280 at kernel/sched/core.c:1198 set_task_cpu+0x183/0x190 Call Trace: <IRQ> try_to_wake_up default_wake_function autoremove_wake_function __wake_up_common __wake_up_common_lock __wake_up wake_up_klogd_work_func irq_work_run_list irq_work_tick update_process_times tick_sched_timer __hrtimer_run_queues hrtimer_interrupt smp_apic_timer_interrupt apic_timer_interrupt For people working in console mode, the screen will first show the panic call stack, but immediately overridden by these noisy extra messages, which makes debugging much more difficult, as the original context gets lost on screen. Also these noisy messages will confuse some users, as I have seen many bug reporters posted the noisy message into bugzilla, instead of the real panic call stack and context. Adding a flag "suppress_printk" which gets set in panic() to avoid those noisy messages, without changing current kernel behavior that both panic blinking and sysrq magic key can work as is, suggested by Petr Mladek. To verify this, make sure kernel is not configured to reboot on panic and in console # echo c > /proc/sysrq-trigger to see if console only prints out the panic call stack. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1551430186-24169-1-git-send-email-feng.tang@intel.com Signed-off-by:
Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org> Acked-by:
Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.com> Cc: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org> Signed-off-by:
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- May 02, 2019
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Martin Schwidefsky authored
The disabled_wait() function uses its argument as the PSW address when it stops the CPU with a wait PSW that is disabled for interrupts. The different callers sometimes use a specific number like 0xdeadbeef to indicate a specific failure, the early boot code uses 0 and some other calls sites use __builtin_return_address(0). At the time a dump is created the current PSW and the registers of a CPU are written to lowcore to make them avaiable to the dump analysis tool. For a CPU stopped with disabled_wait the PSW and the registers do not really make sense together, the PSW address does not point to the function the registers belong to. Simplify disabled_wait() by using _THIS_IP_ for the PSW address and drop the argument to the function. Signed-off-by:Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
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- Mar 08, 2019
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YueHaibing authored
Use DEFINE_DEBUGFS_ATTRIBUTE rather than DEFINE_SIMPLE_ATTRIBUTE for debugfs files. Semantic patch information: Rationale: DEFINE_SIMPLE_ATTRIBUTE + debugfs_create_file() imposes some significant overhead as compared to DEFINE_DEBUGFS_ATTRIBUTE + debugfs_create_file_unsafe(). Generated by: scripts/coccinelle/api/debugfs/debugfs_simple_attr.cocci The _unsafe() part suggests that some of them "safeness responsibilities" are now panic.c responsibilities. The patch is OK since panic's clear_warn_once_fops struct file_operations is safe against removal, so we don't have to use otherwise necessary debugfs_file_get()/debugfs_file_put(). [sergey.senozhatsky.work@gmail.com: changelog addition] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1545990861-158097-1-git-send-email-yuehaibing@huawei.com Signed-off-by:
YueHaibing <yuehaibing@huawei.com> Reviewed-by:
Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky.work@gmail.com> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Cc: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com> Signed-off-by:
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- Jan 04, 2019
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Feng Tang authored
So that we can also runtime chose to print out the needed system info for panic, other than setting the kernel cmdline. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1543398842-19295-3-git-send-email-feng.tang@intel.com Signed-off-by:
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Feng Tang authored
Kernel panic issues are always painful to debug, partially because it's not easy to get enough information of the context when panic happens. And we have ramoops and kdump for that, while this commit tries to provide a easier way to show the system info by adding a cmdline parameter, referring some idea from sysrq handler. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1543398842-19295-2-git-send-email-feng.tang@intel.com Signed-off-by:
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- Nov 22, 2018
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Sergey Senozhatsky authored
From printk()/serial console point of view panic() is special, because it may force CPU to re-enter printk() or/and serial console driver. Therefore, some of serial consoles drivers are re-entrant. E.g. 8250: serial8250_console_write() { if (port->sysrq) locked = 0; else if (oops_in_progress) locked = spin_trylock_irqsave(&port->lock, flags); else spin_lock_irqsave(&port->lock, flags); ... } panic() does set oops_in_progress via bust_spinlocks(1), so in theory we should be able to re-enter serial console driver from panic(): CPU0 <NMI> uart_console_write() serial8250_console_write() // if (oops_in_progress) // spin_trylock_irqsave() call_console_drivers() console_unlock() console_flush_on_panic() bust_spinlocks(1) // oops_in_progress++ panic() <NMI/> spin_lock_irqsave(&port->lock, flags) // spin_lock_irqsave() serial8250_console_write() call_console_drivers() console_unlock() printk() ... However, this does not happen and we deadlock in serial console on port->lock spinlock. And the problem is that console_flush_on_panic() called after bust_spinlocks(0): void panic(const char *fmt, ...) { bust_spinlocks(1); ... bust_spinlocks(0); console_flush_on_panic(); ... } bust_spinlocks(0) decrements oops_in_progress, so oops_in_progress can go back to zero. Thus even re-entrant console drivers will simply spin on port->lock spinlock. Given that port->lock may already be locked either by a stopped CPU, or by the very same CPU we execute panic() on (for instance, NMI panic() on printing CPU) the system deadlocks and does not reboot. Fix this by removing bust_spinlocks(0), so oops_in_progress is always set in panic() now and, thus, re-entrant console drivers will trylock the port->lock instead of spinning on it forever, when we call them from console_flush_on_panic(). Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181025101036.6823-1-sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Daniel Wang <wonderfly@google.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Alan Cox <gnomes@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk> Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.com> Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com> Cc: linux-serial@vger.kernel.org Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky.work@gmail.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by:
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- Oct 31, 2018
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Borislav Petkov authored
If a call to panic() terminates the string with a \n , the result puts the closing brace ']---' on a newline because panic() itself adds \n too. Now, if one goes and removes the newline chars from all panic() invocations - and the stats right now look like this: ~300 calls with a \n ~500 calls without a \n one is destined to a neverending game of whack-a-mole because the usual thing to do is add a newline at the end of a string a function is supposed to print. Therefore, simply zap any \n at the end of the panic string to avoid touching so many places in the kernel. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181009205019.2786-1-bp@alien8.de Signed-off-by:
Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Acked-by:
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Borislav Petkov authored
... because panic() itself already does this. Otherwise you have line-broken trailer: [ 1.836965] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: stack-protector: Kernel stack is corrupted in: pgd_alloc+0x29e/0x2a0 [ 1.836965] ]--- Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181008202901.7894-1-bp@alien8.de Signed-off-by:
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- Jun 14, 2018
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Linus Torvalds authored
The changes to automatically test for working stack protector compiler support in the Kconfig files removed the special STACKPROTECTOR_AUTO option that picked the strongest stack protector that the compiler supported. That was all a nice cleanup - it makes no sense to have the AUTO case now that the Kconfig phase can just determine the compiler support directly. HOWEVER. It also meant that doing "make oldconfig" would now _disable_ the strong stackprotector if you had AUTO enabled, because in a legacy config file, the sane stack protector configuration would look like CONFIG_HAVE_CC_STACKPROTECTOR=y # CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR_NONE is not set # CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR_REGULAR is not set # CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR_STRONG is not set CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR_AUTO=y and when you ran this through "make oldconfig" with the Kbuild changes, it would ask you about the regular CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR (that had been renamed from CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR_REGULAR to just CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR), but it would think that the STRONG version used to be disabled (because it was really enabled by AUTO), and would disable it in the new config, resulting in: CONFIG_HAVE_CC_STACKPROTECTOR=y CONFIG_CC_HAS_STACKPROTECTOR_NONE=y CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR=y # CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR_STRONG is not set CONFIG_CC_HAS_SANE_STACKPROTECTOR=y That's dangerously subtle - people could suddenly find themselves with the weaker stack protector setup without even realizing. The solution here is to just rename not just the old RECULAR stack protector option, but also the strong one. This does that by just removing the CC_ prefix entirely for the user choices, because it really is not about the compiler support (the compiler support now instead automatially impacts _visibility_ of the options to users). This results in "make oldconfig" actually asking the user for their choice, so that we don't have any silent subtle security model changes. The end result would generally look like this: CONFIG_HAVE_CC_STACKPROTECTOR=y CONFIG_CC_HAS_STACKPROTECTOR_NONE=y CONFIG_STACKPROTECTOR=y CONFIG_STACKPROTECTOR_STRONG=y CONFIG_CC_HAS_SANE_STACKPROTECTOR=y where the "CC_" versions really are about internal compiler infrastructure, not the user selections. Acked-by:
Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com> Signed-off-by:
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- Apr 11, 2018
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Kees Cook authored
Since the randstruct plugin can intentionally produce extremely unusual kernel structure layouts (even performance pathological ones), some maintainers want to be able to trivially determine if an Oops is coming from a randstruct-built kernel, so as to keep their sanity when debugging. This adds the new flag and initializes taint_mask immediately when built with randstruct. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1519084390-43867-4-git-send-email-keescook@chromium.org Signed-off-by:
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